SYNCOM 1 and 2
Explorer 1 was the first American satellite launched into orbit.
Syncom 2 was launched in 1963, the worlds first geo synchronous satellite. These are special types of satellites that are launched much further out into higher orbit around the earth. The greater the distance from earth, the longer it takes for the satellite to orbit. You eventually get to a special distance where the time taken to orbit is equal to one day, the same as one spin of the earth, so the satellite can effectively hold a position relative to the surface of the earth. This means they can be easily tracked with stationary satellite dishes.
ionosphere
no.
Satellites are launched in east direction to use earths rotational velocity and to reduce launch energy.
Yes, Woomera in Australia was used as a launch site for satellites in the past. The WRESAT satellite, launched in 1967, was Australia's first satellite and was launched from Woomera. Additionally, a number of other satellites were also launched from Woomera in the following years.
You can find a list of satellites launched by Russia on websites such as n2yo.com or celestrak.com. These websites provide real-time tracking information for satellites in orbit, including those launched by Russia.
The United States has launched the most number of satellites into space.
62 satellites so far and recently rishant 1 of pslv 19 has been launched on 26 April 2012
You can not launch a satellite "in" earth or indeed "into" the Earth. To launch a satellite you need a rocket.
45
They are launched by rockets.