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An activase is any enzyme which activates a gene.
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What is Activase?
An activase is any enzyme which activates a gene.
What is protease inhibitor coctail?
A protease is an enzyme that cleaves a protein molecule. There are many such enzymes with specific functions to either activate protein precursor molecules (activase) or to deactivate proteins that have served their purpose (deactivase) and are no longer necessary. These processes are regulated by protease inhibitors, which, as the name implies, inhibit, or slow down, the activation or deactivation processes. There are many such activase-deactivase-inhibitor systems involved, for example, in the blood coagulation (hemostasis) system to prevent either hemorrhage (blood doesn't quickly enough to prevent "bleeding out" after injury), or thrombosis (blood clots in an uncontrolled fashion, shutting off circulation).
What medicine is used to dissolve blood clots?
Thrombolytic is the general term for the class of drugs used to dissolve blood clots. Clots (thrombi) can reduce or interrupt blood flow by blocking the vessel which can result in injury to the tissues that are deprived of the blood flow and oxygenation. This occurs sometimes in a "heart attack" when blood flow is restricted by a clot, and damage or death (infarction), of the tissue of the myocardium (heart muscle) results.A common thrombolytic agent which is used for this purpose in emergency medicine measures for conditions like blood clots in the brain (cerebral thrombosis/embolus) or a coronary artery thrombosis/embolus that is causing or threatening a myocardial infarction is called TPA. TPA stands for Tissue Plasminogen Activator (also abbreviated PLAT). It acts as an enzyme to break down blood clots. Sometimes thrombolytic agents ("clot busters"/"clot busting medicines") such as Streptokinase or Urokinase are necessary to dissolve blood clots.A related class of drugs is called anticoagulants, but rather than quickly dissolving clots like thrombolytics do, these "blood thinners," as they are sometimes called, act to prevent clot formation instead. They are used either as short term or long term medications. Examples of some of the more common anticoagulants are heparin, Coumadin, and Lovenox.Thrombolytic drugs include:tissue plasminogen activator t-PA:alteplase (Activase)reteplase (Retavase)tenecteplase (TNKase)anistreplase (Eminase)streptokinase (Kabikinase, Streptase)urokinase (Abbokinase)Among those, commonly used drugs are alteplase, reteplase and streptokinase.
8 letter words ending in E?
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What are the drugs used in myocardial infarction?
glycerate nitrate is given as soon as some one suffers from a myocardial infarction. it is give via buccal route so can be absorbed quickly and show its affect. ---- In a myocardial infarction, demand for oxygen and other substrates in a particular part of the myocardium is greater than the supply. Most often, this is caused by thrombosis in an epicardial artery, resulting in ischemia (cell injury) and, later, infarction (cell death). Infarction does not happen immediately, however, so if one gets treated in time, myocardium may be saved. There are several classes of medication that are given to people having myocardial infarctions. The first of these include oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerin. Heparin and Plavix are other medications that may be given immediately. Many centers have cardiac catheterization suites and those listed above may be some of the only medications given to the patient while they are having the infarction. Thrombectomy and stenting performed in the "cath lab," effectively aborting the infarction. If a "cath lab" is not available at the hospital, or within a reasonable period of time by transfer, the patient may be eligible for thrombolytics, which are medications given to help dissolve clots. There are several of these, the most common is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA). These medications are given by IV drip and selectively break up clots in the body. They are not specific for clots only in the heart, however, and there is significant risk of bleeding during and for a period of time after receiving these medications. Patient selection is very strict, including past history and the amount of time the patient has been experiencing the symptoms of the myocardial infarction. If r-tPA is used, it is usually followed by a heparin infusion to help prevent re-clotting in the injured vessel.
Thrombolytic therapy?
DefinitionThrombolytic therapy is the use of drugs to break up or dissolve blood clots, which are the main cause of both heart attacks and stroke.Alternative NamesTissue plasminogen activator; TPA; Alteplase; Reteplase; Tenecteplase; Activase thrombolytic agent; Clot-dissolving agents; Reperfusion therapyInformationThrombolytic medications are approved for the immediate treatment of strokeand heart attack. The most commonly used drug for thrombolytic therapy is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), but other drugs can do the same thing.According to the American Heart Association, you have a better chance of surviving and recovering from a heart attack if you receive a thrombolytic drug within 12 hours after the heart attack starts.Ideally, you should receive thrombolytic medications within the first 90 minutes after arriving at the hospital for treatment.FOR HEART ATTACKSA blood clot can block the arteries to the heart. This can cause a heart attack, when part of the muscle dies due to a lack of oxygen being delivered by the blood.Thrombolytics work by dissolving a major clot quickly. This helps restart blood flow to the heart and helps prevent damage to the heart muscle. Thrombolytics can stop a heart attack that would otherwise be deadly.The drug restores some blood flow to the heart in most patients. However, the blood flow may not be completely normal and there may still be a small amount of muscle damaged. Additional therapy, such as cardiac catheterization or angioplasty, may be needed.Your health care provider will base the decisions about whether to give you a thrombolytic medication for a heart attack on many factors. These factors include your history of chest pain and the results of an ECG test.Other factors used to determine if you are a good candidate for thrombolytics include:AgeGenderMedical history (including your history of a previous heart attack, diabetes, low blood pressure, or increased heart rate)Generally, thrombolytics will not be given if you have:A recent head injuryBleeding problemsBleeding ulcersPregnancySurgeryTaken blood thinning medications such as CoumadinTraumaUncontrolled high blood pressureFOR STROKESMost strokes are caused when blood clots move to a blood vessel in the brain and block blood flow to that area. For such strokes (ischemic strokes), thrombolytics can be used to help dissolve the clot quickly. Giving thrombolytics within 3 hours of the first stroke symptoms can help limit stroke damage and disability.The decision to give the drug is based upon:A brain CT scan to make sure there is no bleedingA physical exam that shows a significant strokeYour medical historyAs in heart attacks, a clot-dissolving drug isn't usually given if you have one of the other medical problems listed above.Thrombolytics are not given to someone who is having a hemorrhagic stroke. They could worsen the stroke by causing increased bleeding.RISKSThere are various drugs used for thrombolytic therapy, but thrombolytics are used most often. Others drugs include:LanoteplaseReteplaseStaphylokinaseStreptokinase (SK)TenecteplaseUrokinaseHemorrhage or bleeding is the most common risk. It can be life-threatening.Minor bleeding from the gums or nose can occur in approximately 25% of people who receive the drug. Bleeding into the brain occurs approximately 1% of the time. This risk is the same for both stroke and heart attack patients.CONTACT A HEALTH CARE PROVIDER OR CALL 911Heart attacks and strokes are medical emergencies. The sooner treatment with thrombolytics begins, the better the chance for a good outcome.See also:Heart attackStrokeReferencesOcava LC. Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke. Clin Geriatr Med. 2006; 22(1):135-154.Adams HP Jr., del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ, Bhatt DL, Brass L, Furlan A, et al. Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups. Stroke. 2007;38:1655-1711.Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes, DP. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007:1241-1249.
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List of all drugs?
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