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In cyclic form of monosaccharide two forms are possible depending upon the position of -OH group,if it is present below the plane it is known as alpha position and if it is above the plane ,it is known as beta position. The two diastereomers are called anomers.
the hemiacetal or hemiketal carbon is called as anomeric carbon.
for example
in glucose, C-1 carbon is known as anomeric carbon.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Wiki User
∙ 14y agoAn anomeric carbon is the carbon atom in a furanose or pyranose form that is derived from carbonyl carbon of the openchain from. It is the ring carbon that is bonded to two oxygens.
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What is alpha and beta linkage in the joining of sugars in a carbohydrate?
The beta linkage indicates that the OH group of the anomeric carbon of the cyclic hemiacetal lies on the same side of the ring as the CH2OH group. The alpha linkage indicates exactly the opposite - the OH group of the anomeric carbon lies on the opposite side of the ring as the CH2OH group. The anomeric carbon refers to the carbon group where the new steriocenter was created to form the ring. (generally carbon 1 in a ring).
What carbon is the anomeric carbon in glucose and fructose?
in glucose it is carbon# 1... and in fructose it is carbon# 2... becoz aldehyde and ketone group of glucose and fructose are attached to ist and 2nd carbon respectivally....
What makes maltose and lactose reducing sugar while sucrose is not?
Even though both molecules are disaccharides, the position of their anomeric carbons changes their reducing potential. Since maltose's anomeric carbon is free, it allows for the opening of its ring structure, and the subsequent reducing of the metal ions (like those used in Fehlding's solution). Since sucrose's anomeric carbon is used to bind the fructose and glucose molecules that it is comprised of, it does not have this option, making it a non-reducing sugar. Hope that helps!
Compare alpha Glycosidic bond and beta Glycosidic bond?
A "glycosyl bond" is a generic term and refers to the linkage between the anomeric carbon of a glycosyl moiety and an atom of the aglycon part. A letter in italic placed before the term glycosyl informs about the type of atom linked to the anomeric carbon. For example, in a "N-glycosyl bond" the anomeric carbon of the sugar is linked to a nitrogen atom of the aglycon (for example, the sugar is linked to an amino group of a protein).The term "glycosidic bond" refers exclusively to the linkage between the anomeric carbon of a glycosyl moiety and an oxygen atom of a hydroxyl compound (an alcohol, another sugar, or the hydroxyl group of serine amino acid). For this reason, to write "O-glycosidic bond" is redundant since the term glycosidic is already indicating that the linkage is with an oxygen atom. Nevertheless, IUPAC accepts the term glycosidic to refer the linkage with sulphur as well. But in this case it is necessary to add the prefix thio- or the letter S (i.e., thio-glycosidic bond or S-glycosidic bond).
The chemical elements in a non reducing sugar?
frictose glucose lactose
What is alpha and beta linkage in the joining of sugars in a carbohydrate?
The beta linkage indicates that the OH group of the anomeric carbon of the cyclic hemiacetal lies on the same side of the ring as the CH2OH group. The alpha linkage indicates exactly the opposite - the OH group of the anomeric carbon lies on the opposite side of the ring as the CH2OH group. The anomeric carbon refers to the carbon group where the new steriocenter was created to form the ring. (generally carbon 1 in a ring).
What is the functional group on the anomeric carbon of glucose when it is in the open chain form?
Carbonyl group
What is a reducing group?
The reducing end of a carbohydrate is found at the anomeric carbon. For glucose, this would be Carbon #1 (C-1).
What carbon is the anomeric carbon in glucose and fructose?
in glucose it is carbon# 1... and in fructose it is carbon# 2... becoz aldehyde and ketone group of glucose and fructose are attached to ist and 2nd carbon respectivally....
What does the term anomeric effect refer to?
In organic chemistry, the anomeric effect or Edward-Lemieux effect is a stereoelectronic effect that describes the tendency of heteroatomic substituents adjacent to a heteroatom within a cyclohexane ring to prefer the axial orientation instead of the less hindered equatorial orientation that would be expected from steric considerations. This effect was originally observed in pyranose rings by J. T. Edward in 1955; at that time, N.-J. Chii and R. U. Lemieux began to study the anomerization equilibria of the fully acetylated derivatives of several aldohexopyranoses. The term "anomeric effect" was introduced in 1958. The anomeric effect received its name from the term used to designate the C-1 carbon of a pyranose, the anomeric carbon. Isomers that differ only in the configuration at the anomeric carbon are called anomers.
Why do molecules of alpha glucose and beta glucose have different shapes?
because of the diffrence in the position of anomeric carbon atom left or right
What makes maltose and lactose reducing sugar while sucrose is not?
Even though both molecules are disaccharides, the position of their anomeric carbons changes their reducing potential. Since maltose's anomeric carbon is free, it allows for the opening of its ring structure, and the subsequent reducing of the metal ions (like those used in Fehlding's solution). Since sucrose's anomeric carbon is used to bind the fructose and glucose molecules that it is comprised of, it does not have this option, making it a non-reducing sugar. Hope that helps!
Compare alpha Glycosidic bond and beta Glycosidic bond?
A "glycosyl bond" is a generic term and refers to the linkage between the anomeric carbon of a glycosyl moiety and an atom of the aglycon part. A letter in italic placed before the term glycosyl informs about the type of atom linked to the anomeric carbon. For example, in a "N-glycosyl bond" the anomeric carbon of the sugar is linked to a nitrogen atom of the aglycon (for example, the sugar is linked to an amino group of a protein).The term "glycosidic bond" refers exclusively to the linkage between the anomeric carbon of a glycosyl moiety and an oxygen atom of a hydroxyl compound (an alcohol, another sugar, or the hydroxyl group of serine amino acid). For this reason, to write "O-glycosidic bond" is redundant since the term glycosidic is already indicating that the linkage is with an oxygen atom. Nevertheless, IUPAC accepts the term glycosidic to refer the linkage with sulphur as well. But in this case it is necessary to add the prefix thio- or the letter S (i.e., thio-glycosidic bond or S-glycosidic bond).
True or False If a linear monosaccharide is designated as beta this means that the OH group on the anomeric carbon is on the same side as the last carbon of the molecule?
False cuz alpha and beta are only assigned to cyclic molecules...
What is meant by alpha and beta carbohydrates?
The term Alpha and Beta carbohydrates refer to the configuration of the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon, or the number 1 carbon on aldoses, or the number 2 carbon in ketoses. If you are drawing the pyranose or furanose structures of these compounds, alpha refers to the hydroxyl group pointing down and beta refers to the hydroxyl being up.
What is the difference between reducing and non reducing sugar?
The Fehling's and the Benedict's Test are the just two of the many tests conducted in identifying reducing and non-reducing sugars. Reducing sugars like the monosaccharides can reduce cupric hydroxide from the reagents used. This is because the reducing sugars have a free oH group at their anomeric carbon that can cause the reduction of mild oxidizing agents like fehling and Benedict solution.In non reducing sugars this oH is involved in glycosidic bond formation.
The chemical elements in a non reducing sugar?
frictose glucose lactose
