Another name is eyepiece or eyepiece lens.
NO. The lenses are designed for a specific brand name camera. A lens for a Canon camera will only fit a Canon etc.
No, this is a point & shoot camera and there is no lens mount. The lens is fixed on the camera and cannot be removed.
Diverging lens
You can't. The lens on a Canon SD950 is integral to the camera body. Trying to remove it will ruin both the camera and the lens.
The focusing lens of the camera
A camera lens.
A concave lens is otherwise known as a diverging lens.
bioconvex lens
Basically most video cameras are fixed lens so you cannot put a camera lens in it unless it is specially built.
The camera lens reflects off what the lens is pointed at so that you can see it through the screen on your camera.
There is no other name for the objective lens. However, the eyepiece is also called the ocular lens.