Rock flows at great pressure and temperature Rock flows like putty in this inhospitable environment of great pressure and temperature. Rock that surrounds rising magma deforms, allowing passage of the magma. This partially molten magma eventually rises to the base of the continental crust. The upper continental crust is more rigid than the mantle, so the magma must force its way upward through cracks or by melting surrounding crustal
Mineral Grains
Molten magma cools and hardens to form mineral crystals.
They grow large.
Both are formed from the crystallization of minerals caused by the cooling of magma. Intrusive igneous rocks cooled below the surface of the planet, however, and generally display larger crystals due to the increased amount of time spent at mineral crystallization temperatures from the insulating effect of surrounding material. Extrusive rocks are formed from magma at or above the surface of the planet, and generally display smaller mineral crystals, or no crystals at all, because of the rapid cooling environment in which they form. Chemically, an intrusive and extrusive rock could be identical, the only difference being the size of the mineral crystals they contain.
large crystals
A slow rate of cooling. The slower a magma cools, the longer the crystals have to grow, thus the bigger they will be.
Geodes
another name for the mineral crystals in cooling magma or lava
Yes. When magma cools and solidifies, mineral crystals are formed.
Yes. When magma cools and solidifies, mineral crystals are formed.
Yes. When magma cools and solidifies, mineral crystals are formed.
Cooling and soildification of magma.
Yes. Slow cooling magma produces larger mineral crystals.
The major factor is the amount of time the magma remains mostly liquid while cooling and solidifying. More time spent cooling produces larger crystals because of the free movement of a mineral's constituent isotopes in a somewhat liquid magma.
The rate of cooling of the magma determines the type of mineral formed by the magma or lava..
Large mineral crystals that are all about the same size are formed from magma that cooled slowly inside the earth. Small mineral crystals (not identifiable without a microscope) formed from magma that cooled rapidly, on or near the surface of the earth.
A rich assemblage of silicate-based minerals forming the igneous rocks that are solidified from magma. The faster the cooling the finer the crystals but the minerals are the same for a specific eruption or intrusion irrespective of cooling rate.
When igneous rocks cool quickly, they have small crystals and have a texture that may be described as aphanitic. When igneous rocks cool slowly, they have much larger crystals and have a texture that may be described as phaneritic or pegmatitic.