If your question is about geography, the answer is nothing, the two nations share a common border. The Poles are unfortunate in that their land has no natural, or defensible boundaries. So, over the centuries any invader can pretty much just roll right in, from any direction. This led to Poland's disappearance from the map as an independent nation in the 1700s. Poland reappeared when maps were redrawn as part of the Versailles Peace Conference process following WWI. In between the world wars Germany was geographically divided because the Versailles Peace Conference gave Poland the city of Danzig, on the Baltic Sea, so the newly resurrected Poland would have an ocean outlet. The city of Danzig (Gdansk today) was connected to the rest of Poland by a long, narrow strip of territory running south from Danzig to where the bulk of Poland was then. This was called the "Danzig Corridor", and part of Germany, East Prussia, was to the east of the Corridor, and separated from the rest of Germany by this corridor. You may be sure Hitler despised the Danzig Corridor.
Poland was invaded & occupied by both Germany & the Soviet Union.
Germany and Russia split Poland between them, Germany invaded Poland from Danzig and went south, Russia lined up the border and attacked the whole front at once
Russia, though Poland and Australia are in between them.
Hungary and Germany.
Poland separates Germany on the west from Belarus on the East.
Poland
Between Germany and Belarus.
Poland
Oder River
soviet union
356 miles
The Oder is a major river in Germany. It starts in Czech Republic, flows through Poland and becomes a border between Poland and Germany.