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Source code is the "source" of a program. This means that this is the code provided by a programmer in a human readable and modifiable form. When a programmer writes a program, he/she will develop source code in a programming language such as C, C++, maybe Pascal among others.

An object module can mean two different things depending on the context. An object module generally is an intermediate step between source code and an executable file like a .EXE on Windows. An executable file is actually what is generated by a compiler (like GCC or Visual C++) from source code and is effectively "machine language". It is not human readable and to a certain extend is not even machine readable as a whole. The way it works is that part of an executable file contains information to tell the operating system how to read the file into memory and where to start running it. The operating system will then tell the CPU where to start reading the program while it is in memory. The executable is a series of instructions understandable by the CPU and it performs them one by one as the program defines. Consider this overall process of compiling as someone writing a recipe for a certain type of food and then another person will compile a list of instructions in way that a resturant kitchen staff can follow it over and over. A different compiler might even translate the recipe to a different spoken language. In a similar fashion, one compiler might translate from C to Intel x86 while another would translate to IBM PowerPC.

An object file often is an intermediate step between source and executable. This file is the result of compiling a single source file as opposed to all the source files of an entire program. Some programs fit in a single source file, but others can be hundreds or even thousands of source files. To compile the Linux kernel in it's full form as a single static executable can require compiling tens of thousands of files. Once each file is mostly translated to machine language and stored as an object file, a program called a linker is used to merge those files together into a single executable. This process might be seems as taking the recipe for and English muffin, another for hollandaise sauce and a final one for Eggs Benedict and merging all the steps together into a single recipe which a kitchen staff can execute in a given order to start with raw ingredients and produce the final product.

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Q: What is difference between source programm and an abject module?
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What is the difference between module and software components?

This depends somewhat on the methodology you are using. They may actually be just different names for the same thing.


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Ideally, modules will have low coupling and high cohesion. Coupling describes the strength of the connection between modules in a program. Loose (or low) coupling occurs when modules do not depend on other modules. One way to control this is by avoiding the use of global variables and reducing the number of variables that are passed between the modules. Another is to limit the depth of module calls (where a module calls another module, that then calls another module, and so on). Cohesion is a measure of how well a module accomplishes the module's purpose. High cohesion implies that all the module's internal statements serve to perform the module's (single) task. In order for modules to work together, there must be some connection between them. The nature of the connection is important because it determines the extent to which the modules are coupled. How are they connected? The best way to connect them is to pass the value of a local variable in one module to a second module through its parameter list. (A local variable is a variable that is defined within a module (not a parameter) is local to that module. The values of local variables are not available outside of the module in which they are declared unless they are passed. Local variables are reset to their default values once control leaves the module in which they are declared.) Another way to share information is through the use of global variables. (A variable that is defined outside of a module and that does not need to be passed to a module to be accessed by it is a global variable. Global variables retain their value once control leaves the module in which they are referenced. ) Because the value of a global variable can be changed by any module without passing, it increases the coupling between modules.


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