You mean what is the escape velocity of Earth? If so, the answer is 11,2 km/s
The escape velocity of a black hole is equal or greater than the speed of light, so light cannot escape
Escape velocity is the speed you would have to go to escape gravity.
The escape speed from the surface of the earth, or the "escape velocity" from the earth is about 11.2km/s.
You don't. "Escape velocity" is a meaningless number. "Escape velocity" is the speed at which a CANNON SHELL must be fired in order to escape from the Earth's gravity well. With a powered rocket, you can "escape" from the Earth's gravity at ANY speed - as long as you have enough fuel.
Satellites are traveling at less than escape velocity. (roughly, orbital velocity is about 7 tenths of escape).
That will depend not only on the escape velocity, but also - very importantly - on the object's speed.
escape the gravitational well and if the planetoid has one, the atmosphere.
That would be its escape velocity.
Escape Velocity
The greater the mass of the planet, the greater will be the escape velocity.
Not at all. It would take an infinitely large mass to produce an infinite escape velocity, and no such infinite mass exists. Furthermore, the escape velocity for any object is the same no matter what is trying to escape, so light does not have its own escape velocity. This question presumably concerns black holes. Light does not escape from black holes because the escape velocity is greater than the speed of light. The speed of light is not infinite, it is 300,000 kilometers per second.
Escape velocity is what a moving body has to achieve in order not to be pulled back down to the planet. For Earth it is about 7 miles per second.