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When a Star is is undergoing nuclear Fusion, for example our Sun, at this moment it is Fusing Hydrogen to Helium, this creates outward thermal energy, but the gravity at the core stops the Sun from expanding, this is called equilibrium, where gravity is equal to outward force. However when the Sun runs out of Hydrogen, Nuclear Fusion will cease and the gravitational pull of the core will lessen, allowing for the sun to expand. Eventually the core will contract under its own gravitational pull and Bamb fusion will take place again. This time converting helium to carbon. Gravity will again be maintained and again equilibrium will be restored, though this time our sun will be Slightly bigger and cooler. This will go on and on over many cycles. Each time getting larger and cooler until fusion can no longer take place.

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Q: What is happening inside a star while it expands into a subgiant?
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