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What is hardware in RS485?

Updated: 11/10/2022
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TIA-485 is similar in one respect to TIA-232, in that a UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) is used to serialize outgoing data and deserialize incoming data. Where TIA-485 differs is in the use of a balanced-to-ground topography via twisted pair cable and special RS-485 line drivers, such as the MAX483 or MAX491. A single cable pair may be used in half-duplex mode or two twisted pairs may be used to set up a full-duplex communications network.

As TIA-485 operates balanced-to-ground, it is much more immune to noise than TIA-232. This immunity allows TIA-485 to span much greater distances than TIA-232, up to 1200 meters (approximately 4000 feet), and to operate at substantially higher data rates. Also, multiple receivers and transmitters may be attached to a TIA-485 network, up to 32 maximum.

The AppleTalk network was based upon TIA-485.

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