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Skeletal Muscle contraction, breathing movements, and vasoconstriction.
The normal venous return of blood flow refers to the amount of blood that is returned to the heart from the veins per unit of time. In a resting individual, the average venous return is approximately 5 liters of blood per minute. This value can fluctuate depending on factors such as physical activity or medical conditions.
Humans have a hepatic portal system that brings all the venous flow from the digestive system into the liver. Reptiles have a renal portal system, which brings blood from internal organs to their kidneys, mostly because their digestive tract and urinary tract only have the cloaca to eliminate waste from their body. Since humans have separate systems for eliminating waste, the anus and urethra, the human body, like all other mammals, developed a hepatic portal system.
Blood vessels come in three types: arterial, capillary, venous; and a fourth is the unidirectional flow of the lymphatic fluid in the lymph vessels.
Veins function as blood reservoirs. For example, in hemorrhage accompanied by a drop in arterial blood pressure, sympathetic nerve impulses reflexly stimulate the muscular wall of the veins. The resulting venous constrictions help maintain blood pressure by returning more blood to the heart. This mechanism ensures a nearly normal blood flow even when as much as 25% of blood volume is lost..
normal blood flow in portal vein and patent portal vein is a sign of the normal physiological condition of liver blood web and clearness of portal venous way
Hypovolemic shock markedly decreases total liver blood flow by a reduction in portal venous blood flow.
collateral hyperemic venous blood flow in abdominal wall due to portal cirrhosis of liver for example
In a portal system, blood flows from a capillary bed through veins to another capillary bed. It differs from normal venous return because it is not taken straight to the heart.
The answer is Protosystemis ShuntOrdinarily the blood coming away from the digestive tract is kept in a venous network (the "portal" system) separated from from blood that is returning directly to the heart via the vena cava (the "systemic" flow). This portal blood must first be cleaned and detoxified by the liver before merging with systemic venous blood.If there is abnormal flow which permits the "dirty" digestive blood tobypass the liver, it is called a Porto-Systemic "shunt".
valves
Venous blood flow is easiest to control. Arterial blood flow is hardest to control because it is under pressure from the heart.
venous and arterial
Valves aid in venous return by preventing the back flow of blood.
Coagulation or clotting means to stop blood flow.
They prevent back flow and help to return blood to the heart.
Venuous is return blood to the heart. The passage through the body has slowed down and evened out the blood pressure.