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Ionizing radiation is electromagnetic radiation or particulate radiation having enough energy per quantum to remove electrons from atoms, thus creating positive ions.

The types of electromagnetic radiation with enough energy per photon (the quantum of electromagnetism) to ionize atoms are:

  1. ultraviolet C
  2. x-rays
  3. gamma rays

The types of particulate radiation with enough energy per particle (i.e. quantum) to ionize atoms are:

  • alpha particles
  • beta particles
  • cosmic rays (both primary and secondary)

The only way to reduce the risk is to minimize exposure, but remember exposure cannot be completely eliminated as all of these types of ionizing radiation are present at low dose rates all around us.

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Q: What is ionizing radiation and how can we reduce the risk of it damaging us?
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