What is meaning of arhan?

Answer 1

Arhan, or Arahan, literally means "worthy one." The word "Arhan" appears in the earliest collection of Buddhist scriptures (Pali canon) and refers to the highest grade of noble person (ariya-puggala) described by the Buddha. In Theravada Buddhism one who has attained Nirvana is called an Arhan. Becoming an Arhan is regarded as the goal of spiritual progress.

Some references to Arhan in ancient Hindu texts:

1. Sanskrit Verse from Nagpuran:
   "The word Arhan begins with (a) and ends with (ha). Above and below it has has the crescent moon shaped curves with Nadbindhus (dots or drops of sound). Oh Goddess! This word signifies the supreme truth. Those who realise this truth cut off the bondage of the sansar (world) and attain moksha (salvation)."
2. From the Yajur Veda, Chapter 19, Mantra 14:
   "O Arhan! You are equipped with the arrow of Vastuswarpa, the law of teaching, and the ornaments of the four infinite qualities. O Arhan! You have attained omniscient knowledge in which the universe is reflected. O Arhan! You are the protector of all the Jivas (Souls) in the world. O Arhan! The destroyer of kama (lust)! There is no strong person equal to you."

Some confuse Arhan with "Tirthankar." They are not synonymous. Tirthankars are certain Arhans who have a particular karma that enable them to become teachers of Jainism.