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The most common form of kidney cancer is called renal cell carcinoma. The kidneys are organs that work with the urinary tract to create urine by removing extra water and waste from the body. The kidneys are located in the lower part of the back on either side of the spine. Kidney cancer can spread outside of the kidneys to the liver, lymph nodes, and lungs. Males are more likely to develop kidney cancer in the United States, with approximately 20,000 men and 12,000 women being diagnosed with kidney cancer annually.
Risk FactorsKidney cancer develops primarily in individuals over 40 years. Doctors do not know the exact causes of kidney cancer, but there are certain associated risk factors. Individuals who smoke, are obese, or have high blood pressure have an increased risk of developing kidney cancer. People who are on dialysis for an extended period of time are at risk of cancer forming in the kidneys. Another risk factor involves certain occupations. Individuals working around certain chemicals may also be at risk.
SymptomsCommon symptoms associated with kidney cancer include blood in the urine, which makes the urine appear rusty. Pain in the side or lower back that does not go away is another symptom of kidney cancer. A lump in the side or abdomen, fever, weight loss, and fatigue are also associated symptoms. However, it is important to note that these symptoms can appear when cancer is not present. A cyst or infection in the kidneys can cause similar symptoms.
Diagnosis and TreatmentA personal suspected of having kidney cancer may undergo a urine analysis to check for blood in the urine. Blood tests are performed to determine how effective the kidneys are working. A CT scan or ultra sound is used to determine if a tumor is present. Once the tumor is found, the doctor may perform a biopsy to determine if cancer cells are present. A doctor uses the information found to determine whether to remove all or part of the diseased kidney. People with kidney cancer may also need to undergo radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
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