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MT chromosome, or Mitochondrial chromosomes, are found in the mitochondria of the cell. Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. Although most DNA is packaged in chromosomes within the nucleus, mitochondria also have a small amount of their own DNA.
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
Wiki User
∙ 11y agois the DNA located in organelles called
mitochondria, structures within eukaryotic
cells that convert the chemical energy from
food into a form that cells can use...
Wiki User
∙ 16y agomtDNA is mitochondrial DNA.
Wiki User
∙ 15y agoMitochondrial DNA
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How do mtDNA and Y chromosomes test work?
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How is a diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathies confirmed?
A clinical diagnosis can be confirmed by laboratory studies, muscle biopsy , and molecular genetic evaluation, in which a geneticist analyzes the mtDNA
What are the sources of DNA in a plant cell?
The nucleus (called nuclear DNA) and Extra nuclear DNA source: 1- chloroplasts (cpDNA) and 2- Mitochondrial (mtDNA).
Which cell decides the sex of the baby the sperm cell or the egg cell?
Genetically, the contributions of the two parents are almost identical.Both the sperm and the ovum contribute the same amount of genetic information on nuclear chromosomes. They each contribute a haploid number of chromosomes (i.e. one set of 23 chromosomes).However, a few genes (37) are carried on the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), of which there are hundreds of copies in a typical cell. All the baby's mtDNA comes from Mum; Dad supplies only nuclear DNA. So the mother contributes a few more genes to the child than the father does.
What is haplogroup U?
In human genetics, Haplogroup U is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup, a group of people who descend from a woman in the Haplogroup R (mtDNA) branch of the Genographic tree, who lived around 55,000 years ago. Mitochondrial DNA is passed from mother to daughter; it does not include the cell's nucleus where DNA is found, but still can be traced through maternal lines. Haplogroup U is found throughout Europe, and contains many subgroups, each reflecting unique geography and history. Among its subgroups is the Haplogroup K (mtDNA) branch. Known haplogroups are assigned the following letter codes: A, B, C, CZ, D, E, F, G, H, pre-HV, HV, I, J, pre-JT, JT, K, L0, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, U, UK, V, W, X, Y, and Z. If you are a Caucasian with haplogroup U, be aware that there is increased risk from prostate and renal cancer. The oldest haplogroup is L, which is found in sub-Saharan Africa.
What is a unique feature of mtDNA?
out of the more than 1,000 mtDNA genomes within the cell, a new mutation in one of the mtDNA genomes can be replicated each time the cell divides, thus increasing the number of defective mtDNA genomes
What does a mitochondrial genetic bottleneck result in?
The result is considerable variability in the amount of mutated mtDNA molecules that each of the offspring inherits
How do mtDNA and Y chromosomes test work?
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What is heteroplasty?
Heteroplasmy, or the condition of having both normal and mutated mtDNA genomes, has several clinically important implications. If mtDNA molecules are deleted, they are generally not transmitted from the mother to her offspring
Connection between the use of mtDNA and World Trade Center?
They used it to identify the victims and it was one of the first times mtDNA testing was used on disaster victims. That's all I can find anywhere.
What is DNA in the mitochondria?
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)is DNA found within a sub-cellular organelle called the mitochondrion. Interestingly, mitochondrial DNA is present as a loop, much like the bacterial genome. In addition, mtDNA does not contain any introns or non-coding sequences. mtDNA codes for proteins involved in the process of oxidative phosphorylation
What is the value of mtDNA?
Scientists analyze the base pairs and us it in ciminology, maternity, ancserty, and lineage studies. It is also important in forensics.
Difference about Chinese and Japanese?
Japanese people now claim that on the genetic level, the majority (40%-50%) of them belong to Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA), and so they are a "rather homogenous group of people". Because Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is also the marker of the indigenous Ainu people, they are "directly descended from the very first peoples who inhabited the land" and so they have "a legitimate claim to the land". Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is a child of Haplogroup DE (Y-DNA), which in turn is also the parent of Haplogroup E (Y-DNA). Haplogroup E (Y-DNA) occurs in very high frequencies in sub-Saharan Africa. In other words, it can be said that the Japanese people are more related to Tibetans, Andanamese, sub-Saharan Africans (in that order), rather than to the Chinese people, who are majority Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). Southern Chinese have the highest incidences of Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). The Chinese people are thus more related to the Caucasians of Haplogroup R1 (Y-DNA), via their common ancestor Haplogroup MNOPS (Y-DNA). The perception that Chinese and Japanese people look similar may be due to the similar latitude and/or environments in which they evolve in the more recent past. The Japanese further claim that they are majority Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) via the maternal line. Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is most frequently found among Koreans, and it is claimed that Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is a major contributor to Japanese longevity. That said, the parent Haplogroup D (mtDNA) can be found in high frequencies in the peoples of Central Asia. The Japanese also claim Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F to be present in lower frequencies in their maternal lines, but these do not contribute to Japanese longevity. Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are more frequently found in Southern Chinese and Southeast Asian populations. Compared to Haplogroup D (mtDNA), Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are much more closely related to Haplogroup H (mtDNA), which is frequently found among Caucasians, via their common ancestor Haplogroup R (mtDNA).
Why do Chinese and Japanese people look alike?
Japanese people are actually Chinese people. [2011-01-16] Japanese people now claim that on the genetic level, the majority (40%-50%) of them belong to Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA), and so they are a "rather homogenous group of people". Because Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is also the marker of the indigenous Ainu people, they are "directly descended from the very first peoples who inhabited the land" and so they have "a legitimate claim to the land". Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is a child of Haplogroup DE (Y-DNA), which in turn is also the parent of Haplogroup E (Y-DNA). Haplogroup E (Y-DNA) occurs in very high frequencies in sub-Saharan Africa. In other words, it can be said that the Japanese people are more related to Tibetans, Andanamese, sub-Saharan Africans (in that order), rather than to the Chinese people, who are majority Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). Southern Chinese have the highest incidences of Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). The Chinese people are thus more related to the Caucasians of Haplogroup R1 (Y-DNA), via their common ancestor Haplogroup MNOPS (Y-DNA). The perception that Chinese and Japanese people look similar may be due to the similar latitude and/or environments in which they evolve in the more recent past. [2011-02-13] The Japanese further claim that they are majority Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) via the maternal line. Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is most frequently found among Koreans, and it is claimed that Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is a major contributor to Japanese longevity. That said, the parent Haplogroup D (mtDNA) can be found in high frequencies in the peoples of Central Asia. The Japanese also claim Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F to be present in lower frequencies in their maternal lines, but these do not contribute to Japanese longevity. Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are more frequently found in Southern Chinese and Southeast Asian populations. Compared to Haplogroup D (mtDNA), Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are much more closely related to Haplogroup H (mtDNA), which is frequently found among Caucasians, via their common ancestor Haplogroup R (mtDNA).
Why do Chinese and Japenese people look the same?
Same race. [2011-01-16] Japanese people now claim that on the genetic level, the majority (40%-50%) of them belong to Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA), and so they are a "rather homogenous group of people". Because Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is also the marker of the indigenous Ainu people, they are "directly descended from the very first peoples who inhabited the land" and so they have "a legitimate claim to the land". Haplogroup D2 (Y-DNA) is a child of Haplogroup DE (Y-DNA), which in turn is also the parent of Haplogroup E (Y-DNA). Haplogroup E (Y-DNA) occurs in very high frequencies in sub-Saharan Africa. In other words, it can be said that the Japanese people are more related to Tibetans, Andanamese, sub-Saharan Africans (in that order), rather than to the Chinese people, who are majority Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). Southern Chinese have the highest incidences of Haplogroup O (Y-DNA). The Chinese people are thus more related to the Caucasians of Haplogroup R1 (Y-DNA), via their common ancestor Haplogroup MNOPS (Y-DNA). The perception that Chinese and Japanese people look similar may be due to the similar latitude and/or environments in which they evolve in the more recent past. [2011-02-13] The Japanese further claim that they are majority Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) via the maternal line. Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is most frequently found among Koreans, and it is claimed that Haplogroup D4 (mtDNA) is a major contributor to Japanese longevity. That said, the parent Haplogroup D (mtDNA) can be found in high frequencies in the peoples of Central Asia. The Japanese also claim Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F to be present in lower frequencies in their maternal lines, but these do not contribute to Japanese longevity. Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are more frequently found in Southern Chinese and Southeast Asian populations. Compared to Haplogroup D (mtDNA), Haplogroups (mtDNA) B and F are much more closely related to Haplogroup H (mtDNA), which is frequently found among Caucasians, via their common ancestor Haplogroup R (mtDNA).
What is the malfunctioning organelle associated with Pearson syndrome?
Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome is caused by single, large deletions of mtDNA (the DNA found in the mitochondria), which can range from 1,000 to 10,000 DNA building blocks (nucleotides). The mtDNA deletions involved in Pearson marrow-pancreas syndrome result in the loss of genes that provide instructions for proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation.
How is a diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathies confirmed?
A clinical diagnosis can be confirmed by laboratory studies, muscle biopsy , and molecular genetic evaluation, in which a geneticist analyzes the mtDNA
