A username and password that mojang gives you that allows you to log into minecraft as well as remember a custom skin of the character.
Yes, the Minecraft account is free, just not a premium one.
Minecraft is a one time fee for $26.99 USD
No.
You can get a free Minecraft account, but you need to pay to upgrade it to a premium one before you can play the full game.
The best way to get a Minecraft account is to simply sign up and buy the game on the official website.
No one makes their Minecraft password publicly available or someone could easily hack their account.
You do not need a Minecraft account to set up a server, so unlimited. However most computers can only run one server at a time
One can download Scottland for Minecraft at the Minecraft World Map site. There are numerous Scottland maps and other maps one can download and use on their Minecraft account.
Anyone can register a free Minecraft account on the Minecraft website.
You must buy another one or use Minecraft SP
Anyone can make a Minecraft account at Minecraft.net
A full minecraft account costs $26.95