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Holden calls others "phony" to criticize them for being insincere or fake. However, Holden himself demonstrates behavior that can be deemed hypocritical or insincere at times, such as being dishonest with himself and others, which could also be seen as a form of phoniness.
Sally - not unusual for a 16-year-old girl - flits from one thing to another on a moments notice, and is obviously (to the reader) fairly shallow. She does, however, show more common sense than Holden does in some things. But her shallowness alone earns her Holden's ultimate put-down: "Phony".
One example of irony is the fact that Holden constantly says he hates people that are "phonies", yet he himself is a phony. At one point Holden even admits that he is the "most terrific liar you ever saw".
Holden has two girlfriends, which represent two different sides of him. The one he actually admires and cares about the most - even if he cannot admit it to himself - is Jane Gallagher, who is not at all superficial - in Holden's words, there was nothing "phony" about Jane.
There are several reasons why Holden is a phony. For one, he constantly talks about how phony the movies are and how much he hates to go to them. However, there is one time when he pretends to have been shot and holds his guts in like they do in the movies. A second example is that he erases the f-word off of the steps of Phoebe's school in an attempt to protect the children from the profanity, yet he himself curses around Phoebe all the time.
The baseball mitt holds sentimental value for Holden because it is a connection to his deceased brother, Allie. It represents Holden's struggle with coping with loss and his desire to hold on to his youth and innocence. The mitt symbolizes Allie's uniqueness and Holden's longing for a sense of permanence and authenticity in a world he sees as phony.
Dr. Thurmer told Holden that life is a game and one must play by the rules in order to succeed, upsetting Holden because he sees it as insincere and hypocritical - particularly given the phony and superficial nature of the school community at Pencey Prep. Holden values authenticity and dislikes anything he perceives as fake or artificial.
He tried to impress everyone with his phony stories, but no one believed him.
Holden Caulfield thought that many people he encountered were phony, including his classmates, teachers, and adults in general. He often used the term "phony" to describe people whom he perceived as shallow, superficial, or insincere.
Holden decides if a book is outstanding based on his like or dislike of the author. Holden states that there are some authors that he would just like to ring up and talk to. If he has this kind of friendly connection with an author then he feels justified in the fact that this book is outstanding. If not, he deems the book boring and that the author is just another "phony".
One quote about individuality in "Catcher in the Rye" is when Holden Caulfield says, "I'm quite illiterate, but I read a lot." This shows how he values his unique approach to learning. In contrast, a quote about conformity is when Holden criticizes people who act phony just to fit in: "I'd rather have a guy who will fall on his sword than throw it at someone else." This highlights his disdain for conforming to societal expectations.
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