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ATP synthase functions by using the energy of the proton gradient established by the electron transport chain to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
It is composed of four major parts, the stator, the rotator, the internal rod, and the catalytic knob.
The intermembrane space has a higher concentration of protons. For the protons to move along their gradient, into the mitochondrial matrix, they enter a half channel in the stator, which is anchored to the membrane. The proton enters a binding site on the rotor and the binding of a new proton changes the shape of each subunit, making the rotor spin slightly (so that the next binding site is available).
Another proton which was previously binded is released as soon as a new proton is binded. This proton has already completed a full rotation on the rotor before travelling through another half channel leading to the mitochondrial matrix.
This spinning causes the internal rod to spin as well. The rod extends into the knob below it which is being held stationary by the stator. The turning of the rod causes catalytic sites on the knob to be activated. When an ADP and inorganic phosphate attach to the knob, they are joined to create ATP.
Three protons being binded to the rotator creates enough energy for one ATP to be synthesized.
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Which organelles contain functioning ATP synthetase complexes in their membranes?
That would be the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the major functional difference between the succinyl CoA-synthetase of plant and animal cell mitochondria?
Plant and microbial enzyme uses ATP, but animal enzyme uses GTP
What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing ATP?
The enzyme is ATP synthase (sometimes referred to as "ATP synthetase").It catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and free inorganic phosphate. It is a remarkable enzyme, part of which spins round. In fact, ATP synthase has been called a molecular machine.To see an image, use the link below.
The purpose of cellular respiration is to create and use?
produce energy in the form of ATP
What is the purpose of the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
ATP isn't created during the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis merely creates glucose, which is afterwards consumed to create the ATP. This ATP, however, serves the purpose all ATP does in the body: energy that the cell can use.
What drives the ATP synthetase to make ATP in respiration?
Protons.
What is the enzyme required to make ATP?
ATP synthtase along with other enzymes and coenzymes .
What is the role of ATP synthetase in the light dependent reaction?
In the presence of ATP synthetase enzyme ADP is converted in to ATP by uniting one more phosphate bond, storing chemical energy.
What type of molecule is ATP synthetase?
It is an enzyme(protein).
Used to convert ADP to ATP by transfer of a high-energy phosphate group A reserve high-energy compound?
An enzyme called ATP synthetase.
Which organelles contain functioning ATP synthetase complexes in their membranes?
That would be the mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the product of chemiosmoisis?
chemiosmosis is the method of ATP production in living organisms due to movement of hydrogen ions via proton protein pumps in a membrane. It involves the use of the enzyme ATP synthetase
What is the major functional difference between succinyl coenzyme A synthetase in plant and animal cell mitochondria?
Succinyl co-enzyme A synthetase in Plants produces ATP while in case Animals It produces GTP (Imran Farooqui) mail me at :- imranfarooqui009@gmail.com
What is the difference between ATP synthesis and ATP synthase?
synthases do not use energy from NTP's, sythetases do! synthase can be used with any enzyme that catalyzes synthesis (whether or not it uses nucleoside triphosphates), whereas synthetase is to be used synonymously with 'ligase'.
What does hydrogen ions bind to during ATP Synthetase?
Electron Transport Chain. Molecules which carry electrons between photosystems, to build the hydrogen ion gradient to make ATP.
How many ATP is produce in liver cell for beta oxidation?
21.5 1 nadh x 2.5 2 fadh2 x 1.5 6 nadh x 2.5 2 gtp that;s 22.5 ATP. subtract 1 ATP equivalent for succinyl coa synthetase, and you get 21.5 ATP.
What is the major functional difference between the succinyl CoA-synthetase of plant and animal cell mitochondria?
Plant and microbial enzyme uses ATP, but animal enzyme uses GTP
