sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
The organelle that stores calcium in resting muscle cells is the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during muscle contraction to trigger muscle activity.
The concentration of calcium ion is greater in the sarcoplasmic reticulum compared to the sarcoplasm of a resting muscle. This is because the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium ions during muscle contraction.
The organelle responsible for storing calcium in resting skeletal muscle fibers is the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). It releases calcium ions when muscle contraction is initiated by a nerve impulse. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction as it acts as a trigger for muscle fiber activation.
Calcium plays a crucial role in muscle contraction. When a muscle cell is stimulated by a nerve impulse, calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm. This increase in calcium concentration allows the interaction between actin and myosin, the proteins responsible for muscle contraction, enabling the muscle to shorten and generate force. Additionally, calcium is involved in the relaxation process by helping to return the muscle to its resting state.
Because the amount of cross-bridge formation is proportional to the amount of available calcium ions, increased permeability of the sarcolemma to Ca2+ would lead to an increased intracellular concentration of Ca2+ and a greater degree of contraction.
When the electrical impulse from a nerve stops, the muscle relaxes and returns to its resting state. This is because the nerve impulse initiates the release of calcium ions in the muscle cells, leading to muscle contraction. When the nerve impulse stops, the calcium ions are reabsorbed, causing the muscle to relax.
The myofilaments return to their resting state during muscle relaxation because the calcium ions are actively pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This process allows the tropomyosin to block the binding sites on the actin filaments, preventing further interaction with myosin. As a result, the muscle fibers lengthen, and the muscle relaxes.
Nickel and copper have similar metallic properties as they are transition metals, but they are not similar to calcium. Calcium is an alkaline earth metal with different properties such as being more reactive with water and acids, and playing a critical role in bone health and muscle function in living organisms.
In muscle cells the inward current is a sodium + calcium flow through acetycholine activated channels as well as through voltage sensitive calcium channels.
muscle tone
During the relaxation period, muscle fibers return to their resting state after contraction. Calcium ions are reabsorbed into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, leading to a decrease in calcium concentration in the cytoplasm. This allows myosin and actin filaments to detach, causing the muscle to lengthen and relax. Overall, this phase is crucial for preparing the muscle for the next contraction cycle.
Resting, Icing, compressing, elevating the muscle