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The 18 electron rule (also known as the Effective Atomic Number Rule or EAN rule) was originally proposed by N.V. Sigwick when extending the octet rule proposed by G.N. Lewis in applying it to organometallic compounds. The idea behind both of these rules is that in a compound the sum total of all of the electrons would have the configuration of a noble gas.
With the octet rule there is the basic assumption that the central atom in the compound is 8 (the maximum capacity of the s and p orbitals). The 18 electron rule is based on a similar idea as the octet rule, however it takes into consideration the d orbital too - 2 (s) + 6 (p) + 10 (d) = 18.
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How many electrons does pph3 give in the calculation of valence electron counts in the 18 electron rule?
In the calculation of valence electron counts using the 18-electron rule, phosphine (PH3) contributes 5 valence electrons. Since each hydrogen atom contributes 1 electron, the total valence electron count for PPh3 (Ph = phenyl group) would be 5 (from phosphorus) + 3x1 (from hydrogen) = 8 electrons.
How many electrons are in the anion of chloride?
The anion of chloride (Cl⁻) has 18 electrons, as it has gained one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Chloride has 17 electrons in its neutral state, but when it gains an electron, it becomes Cl⁻ with 18 electrons.
What is the electron shell arrangement of caesium?
The electron shell arrangement of caesium is 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 1. This means it has 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 in the second, 18 in the third, 18 in the fourth, 8 in the fifth, and 1 in the sixth shell.
Sodium has one electron in its outer energy level. According to the octet rule .?
According to the octet rule, sodium will lose its one electron to achieve a full outer energy level, making it stable. This forms a positively charged sodium ion with a stable electron configuration.
How many valence electrons are represented in the Lewis electron-dot structure for SO2?
There are 18 valence electrons represented in the Lewis electron-dot structure for SO2.
What is the rule for electron orbit or shell?
Electron shells fill in the order 2, 8, 18, 18, 32, 32
Why does some valence shells have eighteen electrons and some only eight?
Octet rule and 18-electron rule.
How many electrons does pph3 give in the calculation of valence electron counts in the 18 electron rule?
In the calculation of valence electron counts using the 18-electron rule, phosphine (PH3) contributes 5 valence electrons. Since each hydrogen atom contributes 1 electron, the total valence electron count for PPh3 (Ph = phenyl group) would be 5 (from phosphorus) + 3x1 (from hydrogen) = 8 electrons.
How many electrons in the electron cloud does argon have?
Argon has 18 electrons in its electron cloud.
What is silver's electron pattern?
Silver's electron configuration is 2, 8, 18, 18, 1.
Why is group 18 important?
Group 18 (the noble gases) are completely made of special gases. They have a complete valence electron shell is the mainest reason they are important. They are actually not able to combine with any other element because they satisfy the octet rule (having a complete valence electron shell).
What is th charge of an electron?
The charge of an electron is .16 E-18 Coulombs.
How many electrons are in the anion of chloride?
The anion of chloride (Cl⁻) has 18 electrons, as it has gained one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Chloride has 17 electrons in its neutral state, but when it gains an electron, it becomes Cl⁻ with 18 electrons.
How many electron orbital shells does francium have?
Francium has seven electron shells; electrons per shell: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 1.
Sodium has one electron in its outer shell According to the octet rule?
Sodium has one electron in its outer shell, so it tends to lose that electron to achieve a full outer shell. This makes sodium more stable as it follows the octet rule by having a complete outer electron shell with eight electrons.
What rule states that atoms react so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas?
The octet rule states that atoms tend to react in a way that they achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of a noble gas by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons. This rule is based on the tendency of atoms to stabilize their outer electron shell by attaining a full outer shell with 8 electrons.
What is the right hand rule for determining the direction of an electron's motion in a magnetic field?
The right hand rule for determining the direction of an electron's motion in a magnetic field states that if you point your thumb in the direction of the electron's velocity and your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field, then the direction in which your palm faces represents the direction of the force acting on the electron.
