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Why are the atoms on the periodic table set up in columns What is so special about their atomic structure Why is Ne in the last column while Li in the first?
The elements were arranged according to atomic number. And atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons. There is a rule (octet rule), which states that for an atom to be stable, it needs 8 electrons. The First Group has one excess electron to be stable. Group 7 needs one electron to be stable. (in short... 1-1=0(stable), 7+1=8(stable)) Group 8 has 8. So it is stable, and located at the end of the table.
Explain what atoms are trying to achieve in there electron shells when they bond with each outher?
Atoms are trying achieve a stable electronic configuration i.e., stable arrangement of electrons in their electron shells. All configurations are not stable. Mostly stable configuration is attained by forming an octet of electrons in outer most shell. Sometimes octet rule is violated also.
What is rubidium oxidation states?
Rubidium typically forms only one oxidation state, which is +1. In this form, it loses one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Rubidium does not commonly exhibit other oxidation states due to its position in the alkali metal group on the periodic table.
Why are cuprous ions less stable than cupric ions?
Cuprous ions (Cu+) have a partially filled d orbital, making them prone to oxidation to Cu2+ in order to achieve a more stable d10 electron configuration. On the other hand, cupric ions (Cu2+) have a full d orbital, resulting in greater stability due to the filled electron subshell.
What did hunds rule state that the electrons pair up only after each orbital in a sub-level is occupied by?
Hund's rule states that electrons pair up only after each orbital in a sub-level is singly occupied by electrons with the same spin. This minimizes electron-electron repulsion, leading to more stable electron configurations.
What are the oxidation states of sodium and chlorine?
The oxidation state of sodium is +1, as it typically loses one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Chlorine's oxidation state is -1, as it usually gains one electron to satisfy its octet rule.
Why are the atoms on the periodic table set up in columns What is so special about their atomic structure Why is Ne in the last column while Li in the first?
The elements were arranged according to atomic number. And atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons. There is a rule (octet rule), which states that for an atom to be stable, it needs 8 electrons. The First Group has one excess electron to be stable. Group 7 needs one electron to be stable. (in short... 1-1=0(stable), 7+1=8(stable)) Group 8 has 8. So it is stable, and located at the end of the table.
Why does chlorine have a negative ion?
Chlorine becomes a negative ion by gaining one electron to achieve a full outer electron shell, following the octet rule which states that atoms are most stable when their outer electron shell is filled with 8 electrons.
Explain what atoms are trying to achieve in there electron shells when they bond with each outher?
Atoms are trying achieve a stable electronic configuration i.e., stable arrangement of electrons in their electron shells. All configurations are not stable. Mostly stable configuration is attained by forming an octet of electrons in outer most shell. Sometimes octet rule is violated also.
Why does the lithium atom want to lose an electron?
A lithium atom wants to lose an electron because it has only one electron in its outer shell. By losing this electron, lithium can achieve a stable electron configuration similar to the noble gas helium. This stability is achieved by having a full outer shell of electrons.
How does the quantum mechanical model of the atom describes the electron structure of an atom?
The Quantum Mechanical model of the atom states that the location of the electrons around the atom cannot be precisely determined. The region where the electron can probably be found is known as the electron cloud.
What is By stable?
Bistable = stable in two states
How does the octet rule explain the formation of a sodium ion?
The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration with 8 electrons in their outermost shell. Sodium has 1 electron in its outermost shell, so it tends to lose this electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, forming a sodium ion with a +1 charge.
What is rubidium oxidation states?
Rubidium typically forms only one oxidation state, which is +1. In this form, it loses one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Rubidium does not commonly exhibit other oxidation states due to its position in the alkali metal group on the periodic table.
What is the difference between sulfur ion and chlorine ion?
Sulfur ion typically has a 2- charge (S^2-) due to gaining two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Chlorine ion usually has a 1- charge (Cl^-) by gaining one electron to reach a stable electron configuration. Energetically, sulfur ion tends to form compounds with metals in higher oxidation states compared to chlorine ion.
What is the result of sodium atom transferring an electron to a chlorine atom and they become stable?
The result is what you use to put in the food. Table salt (or sodium chlorine). It's a very stable compound, as each of the ions have their orbitals completely filled. Recall that in their normal states, Sodium has only one valence electron, and the Clorine is missing one to have its orbitals filled.
Why are cuprous ions less stable than cupric ions?
Cuprous ions (Cu+) have a partially filled d orbital, making them prone to oxidation to Cu2+ in order to achieve a more stable d10 electron configuration. On the other hand, cupric ions (Cu2+) have a full d orbital, resulting in greater stability due to the filled electron subshell.
