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first it's called "Sunda Kelapa" then after defeated by the dutch, it changed to "Batavia"
partition......
the civil war. the partition. the separation.
The British Commonwealth is an obsolete name for what is now called the Commonwealth of Nations. It is an association of some 54 independent, sovereign nations, most (but not all) of whom were once part of the British Empire
Nations discourage imports by tariffs or import duty which are special taxes on imports. If imports are actually fordidden it is called an embargo. Nations could also discourage imports by manipulating the currency exchange rate to make the local currency more valuable in relation to foreign currency.
Damages
compensation
Cash payments for losses suffered during a war are called reparations. Reparations are paid to the victorious nation by the defeated nation.
my neighbor called me prostitute
Direct damages refer to the damages followed directly upon the act done. This is also called as general damages. On the other hand, this does not comprise indirect damages like expenses earned.
The plaintiff in a tort case is typically the party who claims to have suffered harm or injury as a result of the defendant's actions. They initiate the lawsuit by filing a complaint and seeking compensation or damages for their losses.
That would be called a "personal injury case." It typically involves situations where someone is injured due to another person's negligence or intentional harm. These cases can result in the injured party seeking compensation for their damages.
Welfare
An alliance of nations is called a coalition.
Some of the first nations are called countries.
It is called a breach of contract when one party fails to fulfill their obligations as outlined in the contract. This can lead to legal consequences or remedies, such as compensation for damages.
pollution