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Two basic types of levelling in surveying?

basically two types of levelling.. 1.Direct Levelling 2.Indirect Levelling. further they can be classified as well.


What are the classification of surveying?

Surveying can be classified into two main categories: plane surveying and geodetic surveying. Plane surveying deals with small areas on the Earth's surface where the curvature of the Earth can be neglected. Geodetic surveying involves measuring large areas and taking into account the curvature of the Earth.


Method of surveying for two point problum in plane table surveying?

Radiation intersection traversing resection


What is plane surveying?

There are two general types of land surveying: plane and geodetic. Plane surveying considers the earth to be a flat surface--a plane, which works well for jobs spanning a short distance (a few miles), because calculations are relatively simple. Surveys of this nature account for much of survey work being done. Geodetic surveying takes into account the true shape of the earth. These surveys are usually of a very large scale and most often performed by government agencies. GPS is capable of automatically giving geodetic positions (within certain qualifiers), though a thorough understanding of the principals of geodesy is necessary to adequately design and conduct a geodetic survey.


What is chain surveying?

Chain surveying, also known as linear surveying, is a basic method of land surveying used to measure and map small and relatively flat areas. It is a simple and traditional technique that involves the use of chains or tapes to measure distances and basic instruments to measure angles. Chain surveying is often used for small-scale surveys such as creating maps for agricultural fields, small plots, or subdivisions. Here's how chain surveying works: 1. Measurement of Distances: In chain surveying, distances are measured using chains (typically 66 feet or 100 feet) or steel tapes. These chains or tapes are laid out along the linear features of the land being surveyed, such as property boundaries or roads. The total distance is obtained by chaining together multiple segments. 2. Measurement of Angles: Basic angles can be measured using a compass, theodolite, or other simple instruments. These angles are used to determine the direction of the surveyed lines and to calculate the layout of the land. 3. Stations and Offsets: The surveyed area is divided into smaller segments called "stations." At each station, measurements are taken to locate nearby features or boundaries, and perpendicular lines known as "offsets" are measured to mark points of interest. 4. Plotting: The data collected during the survey is used to create a scaled drawing or map of the surveyed area. The positions of boundaries, features, and angles are plotted on the map to create an accurate representation of the land. Advantages of Chain Surveying: **Simplicity:** Chain surveying is straightforward and requires minimal equipment and training. **Accuracy:** In relatively small and flat areas, chain surveying can provide accurate measurements for basic mapping purposes. **Low Cost:** It is a cost-effective method, making it suitable for smaller projects with limited budgets. Limitations of Chain Surveying: **Limited Coverage:** Chain surveying is not suitable for large or complex areas, as it becomes challenging to maintain accuracy over extended distances or rugged terrains. **Human Errors:** The accuracy of measurements in chain surveying can be affected by human errors, such as miscounting chain links or inaccurate readings. **Lack of Precision:** Chain surveying may not provide the level of precision required for detailed engineering projects or high-precision mapping. In modern surveying, more advanced methods such as total stations, GPS, and aerial surveys have largely replaced chain surveying for larger and more complex projects. However, chain surveying remains a valuable technique for smaller-scale surveys and in situations where advanced technology is not readily available or necessary.


What is a survayor?

Being a surveyor can refer to a number of different professions that require examination and positioning of things. Two examples of surveyors are construction surveying and ship surveying.


What kind of tools do cartographers use?

Surveying and drawing tools are two main requirements.


Are preliminary (or data gathering) surveys plane surveys?

No, preliminary or data gathering surveys are not plane surveys. Preliminary surveys are conducted to gather information and data about a site or project area before designing and carrying out the actual plane survey. Plane surveys involve measuring and mapping the land or other surface features in a two-dimensional plane.


What is the Silk Route and what two areas did it connect?

the silk route is a route to china.


In levelling surveys what is the meaning of flying level?

Flying level refers to a technique where the level instrument is moved horizontally between two points without being sighted on any intermediate points. This method is typically used to quickly establish a rough horizontal line over a long distance.


In Pokemon crater how do you get to route 4?

jump from route two


In what context is the term base station used?

Base station can mean one of two things. One, base station could be referring to wireless communications and two, it could be talking about land surveying. For land surveying a base station is a GPS receiver in a known location so the people surveying can get back. When talking about wireless communications it is meaning a station fixed at one point for either a two way radio or either a wireless cellphone site.