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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (November 2008)Cumulonimbus cloud

Cumulonimbus cloud (calvus-type) {| ! Abbreviation | Cb ! Symbol ! Genus | Cumulonimbus (heap, cloud/severe rain) ! Altitude | 2,000-16,000 m

(6,500-60,000 ft) ! Classification | Family D (Vertically developed) ! Appearance | Very tall and large clouds ! Precipitation cloud? | Yes, often intense, but may be virgaThis box: view • talk

Cumulonimbus (Cb) is a type of cloud that is tall, dense, and involved in thunderstorms and other intense weather. It is a result of atmospheric instability. These clouds can form alone, in clusters, or along a cold front in a squall line. They create lightning through the heart of the cloud. Cumulonimbus clouds form from cumulus clouds (namely from cumulus congestus) and can further develop into a supercell, a severe thunderstorm with special features. [hide]

* 1 Appearance ** 1.1 Species * 2 Effects * 3 Cloud Types * 4 See also * 5 External links Calvus type Cumulonimbus cloud.

Cumulonimbus cloud in central Oklahoma. The updraft is the large cloud mass at the center of the photo. The anvil is the flat layer at the top. The downdraft is the rainy area to the right.

Cumulonimbus clouds usually form from cumulus clouds at a much lower height, thus making them, like cumulus clouds, grow vertically instead of horizontally, thus giving the cumulonimbus its mushroom shape. The base of a cumulonimbus can be several miles across, and it can be tall enough to occupy middle as well as low altitudes; though formed at an altitude of about 3,000 to 4,000 meters (10,000 to 13,000 feet), its peak can reach up to 23,000 meters (75,000 feet)[citation needed] in extreme cases. Typically, it peaks at a much lower height (usually up to 5,000 meters / 16,500 feet).[verification needed]. Well-developed cumulonimbus clouds are also characterized by a flat, anvil-like top (anvil dome), caused by straight line winds at the higher altitudes which shear off the top of the cloud, as well as by an inversion over the thunderstorm caused by rising temperatures above the tropopause. This anvil shape can precede the main cloud structure for many miles, causing anvil lightning. This is the tallest of the clouds.This cloud may be green depending on the area. * Cumulonimbus arcus * Cumulonimbus calvus - cloud with puffy top, similar to cumulus congestus, but larger; * Cumulonimbus capillatus - cloud with cirrus-like, fibrous-edged top; * Cumulonimbus incus - subtype of Cumulonimbus capillatus, with flat anvil-like top. * Cumulonimbus mammatus * Cumulonimbus pannus * Cumulonimbus pileus * Cumulonimbus praecipitatio * Cumulonimbus tuba * Cumulonimbus velum * Cumulonimbus vir

Cumulonimbus cloud over White Canyon in Utah

Cumulonimbus capillatus incus

Exceptionally clearly developed single-cell Cumulonimbus incus, gusts will happen near and under it

Cumulonimbus storm cells can produce heavy rain (particularly of a convective nature) and flash flooding, as well as straight-line winds. Most storm cells die after about 20 minutes, when the precipitation causes more downdraft than updraft, causing the energy to dissipate. If there is enough solar energy in the atmosphere, however (on a hot summer's day, for example), the moisture from one storm cell can evaporate rapidly-resulting in a new cell forming just a few miles from the former one. This can cause thunderstorms to last for several hours. This multicell cloud structure exists until cold downdraft preceding cumulonimbusMR. Which Enhima And Dr. Johns |}