Each college and university will have abbreviations and course codes particular to themselves. There are no standard abbreviations. For example, it could be FARM 101, or, FRM 101, ARG 101, etc.
It is a major in agriculture.
No, a course is a class. Your major would be what you're getting your degree in. Your major determines what courses you'll have to take
College Algebra prepares you for calculus. A course requirement depending on your major.
Major is abbreviated "Maj."
No, it is not a major. You major in another subject and take one course a semester for ROTC.
You can learn Japanese at a college only if it provides a course for it. So it depends on which college you go to, but most of the major ones will have it.
The neolithic revolution was a major turning point that changed the course of history for mankind because the nomads settled and people started farming and making communities.
farming
It can be a major in a university or college, but not in any university or college, as it depends on what the university has to offer. Make sure you ask which universities offer the course you want.
You get one degree particular to your major. Your transcript will indicate the minor you have completed.
A farming degree is a degree in agriculture.
The required courses are specific to your major. Each major will have course requirements particular to themselves.