That depends on the laws of the country in which you live (you have not told us that).
Driving in a car at any age without a license is illegal. If caught, the car will be towed away and impounded. the licensed driver in the car may also lose his license for allowing the unlicensed driver to drive.
No
Why not. That unlicensed vehicle owner could be disabled and hired a licensed driver to drive the vehicle.
NO!
As the driver is unlicensed it could be argued that they did not know how to behave on the road and therefore were the cause of the collision.
Yes
No, I have never seen a citation for carrying insurance for an unlicensed driver. I recommend that all drivers should be insurance whether they are licensed or not.
They both are. The logic being that the unlicensed driver shouldn't have been there in the first place, and would not have been involved in the accident if they'd been in compliance with the law.
Both are held liable.
You can try to sue the unlicensed driver, but if they don't have the money to pay any damages awarded, you are well and truly up the creek.
It all depends on the policy. If the unlicensed driver is a named insured and the policy is active then they will be covered. If the unlicensed driver is excluded from coverage then naturally there is no coverage for them. If the unlicensed driver is not a named insured and also not excluded, Then technically they still are not a covered driver, although, coverege may still apply under the owners auto policy depending on the circumstances of any accident and the owners liability under permissive use rules if the vehicle owner allowed an unlicensed driver to operate the vehicle.
you would get a fine or ticket