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Your at the equator if you see Polaris at the horizon
Your at the equator if you see Polaris at the horizon
No. Polaris cannot be seen at any point (0.5 degrees) south of the equator.
No connection whatsoever. The altitude of Polaris as seen from anywherein the northern hemisphere is roughly equal to the observer's latitude, andis independent of longitude.
Polaris makes a little circle of about 1/3° radius around the celestial north pole every day. But we don't notice that, and it appears to mark the pole itself. So the altitude of Polaris is essentially equal to the observer's north latitude. If he's standing 41° north of the equator, then he'll see Polaris at roughly 41° above his northern horizon.
It can tell you the angle on the surface of the Earth between the equator and that place, and also the approximate altitude of Polaris above the Northern horizon as seen from that place at any hour on a clear night.
In the northern hemisphere Polaris can be seen in any month of the year.
Where on Earth are you if Polaris is on your horizon?
You would never see Polaris there because it would always be 41 degrees or more below the northern horizon. On the other hand you can see many fine stars and constellations that are never seen in North Europe or the north of the USA and Canada.
From Antarctica, for example.
On any night of the year, Polaris can be seen from the northern hemisphere and cannot be seen from the southern one. (Assuming the sky is clear in the north.)
Seattle's latitude is about 47.6 degrees North. So the altitude of Polaris above the northern horizon is always within about 1/3 degree of that angle as seen from there.