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The first line of defense is the skin, or epithelium; anti-microbial chemicals in the tears and saliva; mucus and cilia in the nose and throat; the formation of scabs after getting a cut. The second line of defense is the immune system, including interferons, antibodies, lymph nodes, and various white blood cells.

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Q: What best describes the human body's defense mechanism against environmental bacteria?
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Is bacterial endosporulation a reproductive mechanism?

No. Endosporulation is the process where bacteria encapsulates itself within an endospore - it's a form of protection against an extreme range environmental stressors. Sporulation on the other hand is the act of producing spores of the bacteria, and that IS a reproductive mechanism.


What is peyer's patch?

They are aggregation of the lymphoid tissue in the ileum. They are absent in the jejunum part of the small intestine. They act as the defence mechanism against the invasion of the bacteria from the intestine.


Is skin a defense mechanism against infectious disease?

yes it is. it controls our body temperature and also keeps unwanted bacteria and potential diseases from entering the body and affecting our organs.


What was John Muir taking a stand against?

He fought for environmental protection. Jon Muir loved nature and cared heavily for it.


What kind of protection do environmental insurance plans provide?

Environmental insurance protects (mainly) businesses against loss from breaking environmental regulations or causing environmental damage.


What is a cockles defense mechanism like?

The Cockle releases a poisonous chemical as a defense mechanism against predators. It is not known to be harmful to humans.


Can mucous membranes be a defense mechanism against infectious disease?

Yes


Do antibiotics work against bacteria?

antibiotics are useful against bacteria because they help to kill off the nasty bacteria or they can also stop the bacteria from reproducing - so the illness doesn't get worse. this then gives your body time to make antibodies which will eventually distroy the bacteria. after this, you won't get the disease again because you are immune to it.


Why does an antibiotic not work the same for all bacteria?

Bacteria also do evolve. If one bacteria is mutated, and survives an attack by antibiotic, he multiplies and forms more bacteria which are more resistant against antibiotic. As days of surviving antibiotics and multiplying eventually creates a bacteria which is resistant against it.


What does antibactrial mean?

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Lysozymes


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The positive aspect about bacteria is that weak bacteria can be used to prevent or defend against other bacteria that harms the body which is the negative aspect of bacteria.