Yes, foam rubber sheets can be used for insulation. Practically any object or item that has foam on it can be used for insulation purposes.
By definition a short circuit is the path of least resistance of current flowing through a circuit be it three phase or single phase. The main cause of this condition in electrical circuits is an insulation break down. This break down can be caused by overheating of the insulation to a point where the insulation disintegrates from the conductor that it is supposed to be protect. With the insulation missing from the wire there is the possibility of a short circuit to surrounding grounded material. The other cause of insulation break down is from vibration. Unsupported conductors can vibrate against their metallic enclosures to a point where the insulation is just worn away. Once the insulation becomes thin enough the voltage will bridge the insulation threshold and take the path of least resistance to ground and a short circuit will occur.
Rubber tends to not burn as easily as plastic. Also, rubber is more moisture-resistant than plastic. If rubber burns, the fumes from burning rubber are safer than fumes from burning plastic. Sometimes rubber is used because the cord tends to remain more flexible with rubber insulation.
Things that use rubber (and also synthetic rubber) include: tires, erasers, rubber bands, seals, gaskets, rollers, machine belts, cushioning pads, electrical insulation, bouncing balls, sports balls, and tool grips.
The type of 'effect' you have in mind isn't clear. -- Rubber is commonly used where electrical insulation is needed, so it's pretty certain that you're not going to encounter a case where rubber is conducting current. -- If you put a piece of rubber in an electric toaster, it will definitely burn. But that's not the effect of the electricity. It's the effect of the heat developed by dissipating the energy of an electric current. -- Electricity will not make rubber jump down, spin around, glow, vibrate, communicate, hum, ionize, or become magnetic. So I would say that electricity does not affect rubber. I could be wrong.
No, it doesn't break down rubber, but also may not stick very well when the rubber is stretched.
No, it wil not.
By testing capacitor tolerance
Yes, foam rubber sheets can be used for insulation. Practically any object or item that has foam on it can be used for insulation purposes.
Freezing it and then smashing it.
By definition a short circuit is the path of least resistance of current flowing through a circuit be it three phase or single phase. The main cause of this condition in electrical circuits is an insulation break down. This break down can be caused by overheating of the insulation to a point where the insulation disintegrates from the conductor that it is supposed to be protect. With the insulation missing from the wire there is the possibility of a short circuit to surrounding grounded material. The other cause of insulation break down is from vibration. Unsupported conductors can vibrate against their metallic enclosures to a point where the insulation is just worn away. Once the insulation becomes thin enough the voltage will bridge the insulation threshold and take the path of least resistance to ground and a short circuit will occur.
The reason why the break down occurs and getting zero insulation resistance when the Megger test is performed under vacuum is because there needs to be a full test voltage performed. Insulation resistance represents the ratio that is between the applied voltage and the leakage.
Jacket
Rubber tends to not burn as easily as plastic. Also, rubber is more moisture-resistant than plastic. If rubber burns, the fumes from burning rubber are safer than fumes from burning plastic. Sometimes rubber is used because the cord tends to remain more flexible with rubber insulation.
Aside from power washing, there is acetone (nail polish remover). Acetone will help to break down the 'rubber'
Moisture resistance refers to the resistance against the damaging action of water. The letters that identify moisture-resistant latex rubber insulation are RUW. It stands for rubber unmilled moisture resistant.
The polymers in the plastic insulation oxidize over time and deteriorate, becoming brittle. Teflon and other modern plastics used for insulation are far more resistant to this process and will last many decades without becoming brittle compared to earlier plastics used before, especially natural rubber (which could become brittle in only a couple of years).