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Reduction is a process that occurs in a chemical reaction that goes hand-in-hand with a process called oxidation. Elements begin the reaction with a certain oxidation state, however sometimes after they react to form a new product they assume a different oxidation state. The only way to do this is through a transfer of electrons. In a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction, the element that gains electrons is called the oxidizing agent, and the element losing electrons is called the reducing agent. The oxidizing agent oxidizes the reducing agent, and the reducing agent reduces the oxidizing agent.
Breakdown:
Losing electrons is oxidation.
Gaining electrons is reduction.
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