It is called gluten. Some simplify it to "wheat", but this does not encompass all of the restricted foods required to be avoided on a gluten free diet. The correct and common name is gluten.
Unless the label says Gluten Free, then NO. Look at the Ingredients label for Wheat listed, or other common grains. They all contain Gluten.
Yes. Quinoa, amarath, millet, and rice do not contain gluten, just to name four.
Some other names for gluten include bulgur, couscous, dinkle, durum, einkorn, emmer, fu, graham, kamut, seitan, semolina, and spelt. Other common wheat products include wheat berry, wheat germ, wheat germ oil, wheat grass (also called triga), wheat gluten, wheat nut and wheat starch. All of these should be avoided if you have an allergy to gluten.
Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity both are linked to peripheral neuropathy, or nerve problems. Neuropathy is the second most common symptom of gluten intolerance and for a percentage of those with celiac/gluten intolerance neuropathy is sometimes the first or only symptom.
I have Celiac Disease and because of that I have to stay on a gluten-free diet. Gluten grows on the wheat plant so I have also told people that I am allergic to wheat products. A gluten-free diet is also a wheat-free diet. But gluten is also in rye, oats and barley.
There is not any common chocolate candies which are gluten and wheat free. They do sell chocolates that are at whole food grocery stores.
There is no special name for those that are calorie conscious.
Gluten bread is not "from" any specific nationality or culture. Many different nationalities from many parts of the world make different types of bread from different types of grain, most of which contain some gluten. Wheat perhaps is the most common flour used to make bread, which does contain gluten.
Celiac's Disease.
If you cook it at home, butterscotch or any other flavor of pudding can be gluten-free, since the most common thickener in home pudding recipes is cornstarch. Check the labels of commercial products to verify the presence or absence of gluten.
The celiac disease when the immune react to the protein gluten
Usually, although you can buy/make gluten free granola. Most granola contains oats, and you can assume all oats are contaminated (because they are cut on the same mills as wheat and other gluten grains) unless they are certified gluten free.