Local Area Network
The PDU (protocol data unit) @ transport layer (e.g. TCP or UDP) is called as 'segment' .
In networking, PDU means "protocol data unit", and it is the generic name of the "packets" of data used at different levels of the network. Using the numbering of the OSI layers: At layer 2, the PDUs are called "frame". Example: An Ethernet frame, a frame-relay frame. At layer 3, the PDUs are called "packets". Example: An IP packet. At layer 4, the PDUs are called "segments". Example: A TCP segment, a UDP segment.
2^16 bytes - size of TCP header
**The TCP transport layer protocol uses windowing and acknowledgments for reliable transfer of data. **The TCP and UDP port numbers are used by application layer protocols. **The TCP transport layer protocol provides services to direct the data packets to their destination hosts.
The data-link layer The physical layer
TCP The three way handshake verifies that data arrived
TCP and UDP are transport layer protocols; the OSI layer is layer 4 (transport)
Segements
The Network Interface layer
TCP and UDP are two different layer 4 protocols. TCP reliably sends data with acknowledgments and UDP sends data without checking if the destination received it. Skype uses UDP while email uses TCP.
internetwork
Datagrams TCP/IP layer 4 PDU's are called segments...