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Mental retardation is a side effect of Down syndrome. Down syndrome or trisomy 21 (or Down's Syndrome in British English) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra Twenty-first chromosome. Children with Down syndrome tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, a single crease across the center of the palms, and an enlarged tongue. A doctor can usually tell if a newborn has the condition through a physical exam. Down Syndrome also causes mild to moderate mental retardation.

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Q: What is the difference between Down syndrome and mental retardation?
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