The logical view presents data as they would be perceived by end users or business specialists, whereas the physical view shows how data are actually organized and structured on physical storage media.
difference between physical and logical data flow diagrams.
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The logical database is how the data is percieved in the tables, the way the data is actually stored on the storage medium is the physical view of the database.
1) Logical data structures are structures that emphasize on data relationships and how data is related from the view of the user. 2) Physical data structures are data models that emphasize on the use of efficiently and effectively storing data in memory.
Logical data independence refers to the ability to change the conceptual schema without affecting the external schema or application programs. Physical data independence, on the other hand, refers to the ability to change the physical schema without affecting the conceptual schema. This allows changes in the storage structure or access methods without changing how data is viewed or accessed by applications.
the logical data independence is hard to achieve because all the manipulation is belonging in logical data independence but in physical data independence only show the physical view .
* Physical file (PF) contains the data and have only one record format. Logical file (LF) is a view of the physical file which does not contain any data may be based on one physical file or more then one physical file. Logical file can have more then one record format. Logical can be non join or join logical file. Performance becomes better if you use the logical file in the program.
The concept of a logical address space is simply involved the process of mapping the Logical addresses to their Physical Addresses . Logical addresses are generated by the CPU; also referred to as virtual addresses.while Physical Address is the actual address of the data stored on the physical device and mapped by MMU.
SCHEMA is the physical arrangement of the data as it appears in the DBMS. SUB-SCHEMA is the logical view of the data as it appears to the application program.
For a physical Data Flow Diagram you explore into the logical DFD. for example, if you have a data flow arrow declared as "customer information" now the physical DFD would include in that data flow arrow "customer information = customer_name + customer_address". something along these lines Physical DFD shows how various functions are performed and who does them but Logical DFD strips away all physical constraints but does not restrict physical happenings from taking place.
Data Link Layer
The schema is the physical arrangement of the data as it appears in the DBMS. The subschema is the logical view of the data as it appears to the application program.