What is the difference between a triple bond and three single bonds?

Answer 1

While both involve the same number of electrons, there is a big difference between one triple chemical bond and three single bonds.

For starters, triple bonds are by definition high-energy structures; they require more energy to form, and release more energy when they are broken. This is in part because the formation of the bond itself distorts the shape of the molecule, bringing those atoms closer together than they would normally be. In a sense, a triple bond is like a loaded spring, waiting to be released with a powerful snap.

In addition, only atoms with a valence of three or higher can even form a triple bond. Hydrogen, with a maximum valence of one, can only form single bonds with other atoms; whereas carbon, with a valence of four, can form triple bonds rather easily. Carbon-carbon triple bonds are called alkynes, and are their own class of organic molecules; the hot-burning fuel known as acetylene(C2H2) is one example.

On the other hand, molecules containing three (or more) single bonds are not only more common, they are chemically more diverse. After all, they can involve a wider range of atoms, including the aforementioned hydrogen. One relatively-common molecule with three single bonds is NH3, better known as ammonia.

Answer 2

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