Chemical Bonding

Polar covalent. The difference in electronegtivity is insufficient for an ionic bond

There are thousands of them.

e.g.

Na2SO4 ; sodium sulphate. The two sodium cations are bonded ionically to the sulphate anion.

Within the sulphate anion the four oxygen atoms are bonded to the sulphur atom covalently.

As human beings, as is all life, we are' electro-chemical polymers'.

No such substance as ' NO3 '.

If you mean the nitrate anion, its formula is ' NO3^(-)'. It does not exist in its own right as something you can hold.

It exists in solution with either hydrogen or metal cations.

NO!!!

Cs (Caesium) readily ionises to Cs^(+). It is a Groupo (I) metallic element like sodium.

It combines ionically with oxygen, which undergoes electron affinity .

2e^(-) + O = O^(2-)

Hence

2Cs^(+) + O^(2-) = Cs2O ( Caesium oxide).

' CO ' is Carbon Monoxide .

Do NOT confuse with 'Co ', which is the elemental symbol for 'Cobalt'.

Note the different is a capital 'O' to a lower case 'o'.

Ethane-di-oic Acid (Oxalic Acid)

Structurally,

H-O-(O=)C-C(=O)=O-H

Zn + HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2

ZINC CHLORIDE IS THE ANSWER

Alk**Y**nes . Note the highlighted 'y'.

e.g.

Ethyne(Acetylene) ; H-C///C-H

In NBr3 (nitrogen tribromide), the bonds present are covalent bonds. Nitrogen forms three single covalent bonds with three bromine atoms by sharing electrons. This results in a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry due to the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen atom. The bonds are characterized by differing electronegativities, with nitrogen being more electronegative than bromine, leading to polar covalent characteristics.

Calcium phosphate ) Ca3(PO4)2

The calcium cations are ionically bonded to the phosphate anions.

3Ca^(2+) + 2PO4^(3-)

The calcium cations have an overall charges of 3 x 2(+) = 6(+)

This '6+' MUST be balanced against a '6-' charge on the phosphate anions. Hence we have 2 x -3 =-6 , to balance the charges.

However, with in the phosphate anion the four oxygen atoms are covalently bonded to the phosphorus atom. This leaves three 'spare' electrons for ionic bonding to the calcium cation.

What is c2h2???

If you mean 'C2H2' , then this is ETH**Y**NE

It is an AlkYne , neither an Alkane, nor an Alkene

There is a TRIPLE bond between the two carbons. Structurally,

H-C///C-H

It archaic name is acetylene, as used in oxy-acetylene burners.

NB Note the one letter 'Y' difference in the spelling.

NNB Single letter elemental symbols are ALWAYS written as a CAPITAL letter.

Hence carbon is 'C' not 'c' and hydrogen is 'H' not 'h'

This is the agreed international standard, and as shown in the Periodic Table.

No such compound as 'scl6'.

If you mean ' SCl6' , then this is sulphur hexachloride.

NB Note the use of capital letters.

Single letter chemical symbols are ALWAYS a CAPITAL letter.

Two letter chemical symbols are ALWAYS written as ; first letter is a CAPITAL letter, and the second letter is lower/small case.

Hence sulphur is 'S' NOT 's'

Chlorine is ' Cl'. NOT 'cl'.

This is to avoid confusion. As agreed internationally, by IUPAC, and as shown in the Periodic Table.

Because the electrons are fixed their given bond, and are NOT free to move.

When electrons are free to move within a substance then it is conducting electricity.

In Diamond , electrons are not free to move. ], because each carbon atom creates four single covalent bonds , with each of its four neighbour carbon atoms, in an Adamantine Structure.

However, in Graphite, each carbon atom creates three bonds with neighbour carbon atoms. This leaves a 'spare' electron that can move. Hence graphite conducts electricity,; as in carbon brushes in electrical motors.

Diamond and Graphite are two of the three allotropes of carbon. One conducts electricity , but the other resists conduction.

NO!!!!

Helium is the MOST inert element in the Periodic Table.

Crystalline.

Sodium chloride form a cube crystal.

Of the eight(8) corners in the crystal, sodium cations and chloride anions alternate.

This is just a very simple crystal. More complex crystalline structures a common.

YES!!!

It dissolves in water to form the ions K^(+) & CN^(-)

The CN^(-) is a triple covalently bonded anion , with a 'spare' electron giving it the charge of 'CN^(-)'. ( -1)

N///C^(-)

Sodium Chloride is an ionically bonded molecule.

Na^(+) + Cl^(-) = NaCl(s).

it's a molecular compound due to the fact that it's made up of two non-metal elements. Ionic compounds and made up of a metal and a non-metal

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a covalent compound, not an ionic compound. It consists of silicon and oxygen atoms held together by covalent bonds, where electrons are shared between the atoms rather than being transferred as in ionic compounds.

'What is ' siO2 ? '. No such molecule. !!!!!

If you mean, ' SiO2'. then it is covalently bonded.

NB When writing chemical symbols; Single letter symbols are ALWAYS a CAPITAL letter. ; Double letter symbols are written as, first letter is a CAPITAL letter, and the second letter is small/lower case. Hence silicon is 'Si' , NOT 'si'.

This is the universal standard for chemical elemental symbols, as shown in the Periodic Table.

Very erroneously 'si' could be confused for 'Sulphur(S)' and 'Iodine(I)'.

The covalent compound SiO2 is called silicon dioxide, commonly known as silica. It is one of the most abundant compounds on Earth, found in various forms such as quartz, sand, and glass.

One example of a covalent compound found in the body is DNA, which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is made up of covalent bonds between nucleotide subunits, forming the double helix structure that carries genetic information in cells.

MgCO3 is Magnesium Carbonate.