The logical data independence is the ability to modify a logical schema without making external view or application program change.
The physical data independence is the ability to modify a physical schema without making external view or application prrogram change.
Logical Data Independence:
Logical data independence is the ability to modify the conceptual schema without having alteration in external schemas or application programs. Alterations in the conceptual schema may include addition or deletion of fresh entities, attributes or relationships and should be possible without having alteration to existing external schemas or having to rewrite application programs.
Physical Data Independence:
Physical data independence is the ability to modify the inner schema without having alteration to the conceptual schemas or application programs. Alteration in the internal schema might include.
* Using new storage devices.
* Using different data structures.
* Switching from one access method to another.
* Using different file organizations or storage structures.
* Modifying indexes.
difference between physical and logical data flow diagrams.
Logical data independence refers to the ability to change the conceptual schema without affecting the external schema or application programs. Physical data independence, on the other hand, refers to the ability to change the physical schema without affecting the conceptual schema. This allows changes in the storage structure or access methods without changing how data is viewed or accessed by applications.
the logical data independence is hard to achieve because all the manipulation is belonging in logical data independence but in physical data independence only show the physical view .
Network architecture refers to the design and structure of a network, including components, protocols, and technologies used for communication. Network topology, on the other hand, refers to the physical or logical layout of devices and how they are connected in a network, such as bus, star, ring, or mesh. In essence, network architecture defines how components work together, while network topology defines how components are arranged.
what is physical datd independence
Logical data independence is considered more difficult than physical data independence because it involves changes to the conceptual schema and external schema, which are more closely tied to the way data is organized and viewed in the application. Physical data independence, on the other hand, deals with changes to the internal schema, which is more abstract and can be modified with less impact on the overall system.
While physical tags are also referred to as presentational mark-up, logical tags are useless for appearances. Physical tags are newer versions while logical tags are old and concentrate on content.
dsegsgsgsg
The logical database is how the data is percieved in the tables, the way the data is actually stored on the storage medium is the physical view of the database.
well of course one is logical and the other is physical. but one involves the brain while the other has to do with your body or movement
Physical topology are says how the wire are interconnected, while Logical topology is how the network behaves and interoperates.Sk wasim ul HaqueKharagpur, Madpur
Hi, Data Independence refers to the immunity of user application to make changes in the definition and organization of Data. There are three types of Data Independence - 1. Logical Data Independence - The ability to change the logical (conceptual) schema without changing the External schema (User View) is called logical data independence. 2. Physical Data Independence - The ability to change the physical schema without changing the logical schema is called physical data independence. 3. View Data Independence - always independent,no effect.