np3 pipe np4
- non pressure pipe class np3 -np4 is used for heavy duty load
is used for medium duty load
It is Reinforced Concrete, Heavy Duty, Non-pressure Pipes.
Gp 13=ns2 np1 Gp 14=ns2 np2 Gp 15=ns2 np3 Gp 16=ns2 np4 Gp 17=ns2 np5 Gp 18=ns2 np6
it would be probably 2-.
Big Pit is South West Wales, here is the address:- Big Pit National Coal Museum Blaenavon Wales NP4 9XP
For main group chemistry, the trend followed would be as such, where "n" is the valence orbital: ns1 = group 1 ns2 = group 2 ns2 np1 = group 3 (also called group 13) ns2 np2 = group 4 (also called group 14) ns2 np3 = group 5 (also called group 15) ns2 np4 = group 6 (also called group 16) ns2 np5 = group 7 (also called group 17) ns2 np6 = group 8 (also called group 18) This rule can only be successfully applied to main group chemistry, the D and F blocks (transition metals, lanthanides and actinides) do not follow this.
Atoms of elements in Groups 13-18 have 10 fewer valence electrons than their groups numbers.However , helium atoms have only 2 valence electrons.