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Hyperconjugation, otherwise known as Baker-Nathan effect, is the delocalisation of sigma electrons of C-H bond of an alkyl group directly attached to an atom of unsaturated system or to an atom with an unshared p-orbital. Stability of carbocations is based on hyperconjugative effect. Due to hyperconjugation, tertiary carbocation has 9 resonance structures, secondary carbocation 6 resonance structures, primary carbocation 3 resonance structures. Hence stability is tertiary>secondary>primary.
(physical chemistry) An arrangement of bonds in a hyperconjugated molecule such that the number of bonds is the same in the two resonance structures but the second structure is energetically less favorable than the first structure; examples are H3CC+H2 and H3CCH2.
If there is resonance, then making one vibrate will also make the other one vibrate in a noticeable way, since:* The vibrations are transmitted through the air, and * Any such small effect is reinforced, over time, due to resonance.
Ozone is not an example of resonance (by all possible meanings). It does have two bonding forms that it occasionally changes between. These two forms are called resonant states... but the bonding does not "resonate" per se.
The cation formed upon addition of an electrophile to benzene is highly stabilized by resonance,whereas the cation formed to an alkene is stabilized by hyperconjugation. The loss of a proton in benzene is favourable due to the restoration of the cyclic pi-system.
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The difference between the actual energy of the molecule and that of most stable resonating structure is known as Resonance Energy.
In natural frequencies the output of the system will be less than the maximum level. In the resonance frequency the output of the system will be the maximum level.
The power factor is a measure of the phase difference. If they are exactly in phase the PF = 1. If they are 180 degrees out of phase PF = 0.
Hyperconjugation, otherwise known as Baker-Nathan effect, is the delocalisation of sigma electrons of C-H bond of an alkyl group directly attached to an atom of unsaturated system or to an atom with an unshared p-orbital. Stability of carbocations is based on hyperconjugative effect. Due to hyperconjugation, tertiary carbocation has 9 resonance structures, secondary carbocation 6 resonance structures, primary carbocation 3 resonance structures. Hence stability is tertiary>secondary>primary.
Usually two way arrows are placed between a molecule's resonance structures to indicate resonance
Usually two way arrows are placed between a molecule's resonance structures to indicate resonance
Usually two way arrows are placed between a molecule's resonance structures to indicate resonance
resonance is the behavior of resonant frequency while resonant frequency is the cause of it. There are basically two types of resonance; Electrical and Magnetic. Resonant frequency is that particular frequency for a system for which the system performs its best. while the system at that particular situation can be called the system at resonance
(physical chemistry) An arrangement of bonds in a hyperconjugated molecule such that the number of bonds is the same in the two resonance structures but the second structure is energetically less favorable than the first structure; examples are H3CC+H2 and H3CCH2.
One difference is that inductive effects are based on the electronegativity of an atom and occur through the sigma bond network. The resonance effect donates electrons to the benzene ring and occurs through the pi bond network.
John Richards Brookes has written: 'An accurate measurement of the difference between the solar and laboratory wavelengths of the Sodium resonance lines'