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The moon is revolving around Earth, so sometimes the Moon is between the Sun and Earth and Earth is between the moon and sun.
One AU is the distance between the Earth and the Sun.
Venus and Mars
The planets that orbit between the Earth and the Sun are Mercury and Venus.
You have a problem. When the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth you have a solar eclipse. When the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon you have a lunar eclipse. When the Sun passes between the Moon and the Earth we're all dead, as the Sun would be 93 million miles too close.
the distance is 92,960,000
7,657
The moon is revolving around Earth, so sometimes the Moon is between the Sun and Earth and Earth is between the moon and sun.
One AU is the distance between the Earth and the Sun.
The Sun is NEVER between the Earth and the Moon. When the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, this is called a Solar Eclipse. When the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun, this is called a Lunar Eclipse.
Venus and Mars
The gravitational force between the Earth and sun certainly depends on the distance between the Earth and sun. But the gravitational force between, for example, the Earth and me does not.
The orbits of Mercury and Venus are between the sun and the orbit of Earth. That is different from saying that Mercury and Venus are between the sun and Earth, which is often not true.
Mercury and Venus orbit between the Sun and Earth.
The Sun has never passed between the Earth and the Moon, if it did, the Earth would be disintigrated.
The distance from Earth to the sun is much greater than from Earth to the moon. It is not possible that the sun would be between Earth and the moon.
When the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun you get a full moon, not a new Moon which occurs when the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun. You could also get a Lunar eclipse.