It's generally called an epitaph.
There are too many possible variables to give an answer to this question. The depth of the engraving, the substrate, and the environment will all have an impact. An engraving you make by lightly scratching wood with a nail file and then submerge in sea water will not last nearly as long as a 1/8th inch deep engraving in titanium sealed in a vacuum.
xylography
Engraving can be done by hand with a tool called the burin, by an engraving with a machine typically called a printing plate, with a knife, or even with a drill. The method used depends on the results one wants to achieve.
It is more properly called engraving or embellishment.
Money is was made in the 800's in a state called Bureau of Engraving.
Ghoul
Writing on an grave stone is called an epitaph.
Ive been to Saint Luke's grave in Padua Italy, its not far from Saint Anthony's grave, it's in a Basilica called Saint Giustina. But I've heard from some that his grave is in Constantinople alongside Andrew and Timothy's grave.
Peter Wagner has written: 'Lust & Liebe im Rokoko =' -- subject(s): English Engraving, Engraving, English, Engraving, French, Engraving, German, Erotic art, French Engraving, German Engraving
montana
china
Graverobbery. I think.