What is the feature of Roman Catholic life that requires members to receive Holy Communion between Ash Wednesday and Trinity Sunday?

Answer 1

It's just Catholic, not Roman Catholic. Roman is an epithet first commonly used in England after the protestant revolt to describe the Catholic Church. It is never used by the official Catholic Church.

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You are referring to the Precepts of the Church, the seventh was added by Pope John Paul II, the current Catechism of the Catholic Church only listed the first five. The precept to receive Holy Communion during Easter is number 4.

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Seven Precepts of the Church

1. To assist at Mass and rest from servile work on all Sundays and holidays of obligation.

2. To fast and abstain on the days appointed by the Church;

3. To go to confession at least once a year;

4. To receive the Blessed Sacrament at least once a year, and that about Easter time;

5. To contribute to the support of our pastors according to our means;

6. Not to marry within certain degrees of kindred, nor to marry with solemnity at forbidden times.

7. To join in the missionary spirit and apostolate of the Church.