0
Want this question answered?
Be notified when an answer is posted
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What are signs of being impaired by alcohol?
The level of BAC that causes impairment depends heavily on whether or not the drinker has developed alcohol tolerance and, if so, how much tolerance. About 25% of alcoholics show absolutely no evidence of impairment at .01 BAC because of their tolerance.
Can you get convicted in DUI if your bac is under 0.08 for first offense?
Yes, you can still be convicted of DUI even if your BAC is under 0.08 for a first offense. If your driving is impaired by alcohol or drugs to the point where you are unable to operate a vehicle safely, you can still be charged and convicted of DUI. The legal BAC limit of 0.08 is just one factor in determining impairment.
Are you considered impaird with 0.08 percent alcohol in your blood?
Yes, in every state in the U.S. The exact BAC considered to constitute impairment varies from country to country.
What does BAC of 0.08 percent means?
It means that the blood alcohol level is 0.08%, or that the bloodstream is 8 parts alcohol out of 10000. This level is sufficient to cause impairment such that most states in the US set that as the point beyond which it is illegal to drive. Note that a BAC of 0.40 is generally fatal. Alcohol is a poison, after all.
What does BAC stand for in terms of alchol?
BAS stands for Blood Alcohol Content. When you ingest alcohol it enters your bloodstream. BAC represents what concentration of your blood is alcohol. The higher your BAC is the more effects you will feel from the alcohol. 0.02-0.03 BAC: No loss of coordination, slight euphoria and loss of shyness. Depressant effects are not apparent. Mildly relaxed and maybe a little lightheaded.0.04-0.06 BAC: Feeling of well-being, relaxation, lower inhibitions, sensation of warmth. Euphoria. Some minor impairment of reasoning and memory, lowering of caution. Your behavior may become exaggerated and emotions intensified (Good emotions are better, bad emotions are worse)0.07-0.09 BAC: Slight impairment of balance, speech, vision, reaction time, and hearing. Euphoria. Judgment and self-control are reduced, and caution, reason and memory are impaired, .08 is legally impaired and it is illegal to drive at this level. You will probably believe that you are functioning better than you really are.0.10-0.125 BAC: Significant impairment of motor coordination and loss of good judgment. Speech may be slurred; balance, vision, reaction time and hearing will be impaired. Euphoria.0.13-0.15 BAC: Gross motor impairment and lack of physical control. Blurred vision and major loss of balance. Euphoria is reduced and dysphoria (anxiety, restlessness) is beginning to appear. Judgment and perception are severely impaired.0.16-0.19 BAC: Dysphoria predominates, nausea may appear. The drinker has the appearance of a "sloppy drunk."0.20 BAC: Felling dazed, confused or otherwise disoriented. May need help to stand or walk. If you injure yourself you may not feel the pain. Some people experience nausea and vomiting at this level. The gag reflex is impaired and you can choke if you do vomit. Blackouts are likely at this level so you may not remember what has happened.0.25 BAC: All mental, physical and sensory functions are severely impaired. Increased risk of asphyxiation from choking on vomit and of seriously injuring yourself by falls or other accidents.0.30 BAC: STUPOR. You have little comprehension of where you are. You may pass out suddenly and be difficult to awaken.0.35 BAC: Coma is possible. This is the level of surgical anesthesia.0.40 BAC and up: Onset of coma, and possible death due torespiratory arrest.
Do alcholics get drunk quickly and why?
It takes a higher BAC for alcoholics to exhibit clinical signs of intoxication because of the phenomenon known as alcohol tolerance.
What are the first signs of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?
Sand-like crystals of uric acid in the diapers may be one of the first symptoms of the disease. The baby may be unusually irritable. Typically, the first sign of nervous system impairment is the inability to lift their head or sit up at an appropriate age
What is the first ten browning guns?
Be more specific. The first ten he invented, or the first ten made by BAC?
What is the relationship between drinking and accidents?
Alcohol-Related Impairment Alcohol Alert From NIAAAAlcohol consumption is associated with a wide range of accidents and injuries resulting from the impaired performance of complex mental and motor functions. The relationship between alcohol and motor vehicle crashes is well known; alcohol also has been implicated in many railroad, boating, and aircraft accidents. The subtlety and complexity of the skills required to operate these vehicles make them susceptible to impairment by low doses of alcohol (1). Extent of the Problem Epidemiologic studies reveal the extent of alcohol's effect on transportation safety in the United States. First, 40 percent of all traffic fatalities (the leading cause of accidental death) are alcohol related (2). Second, although alcohol has not been directly implicated in U.S. commercial airline crashes, typical estimates of alcohol involvement by pilots in fatal general aviation crashes range from 10 to 30 percent (3). Third, a recent review of Coast Guard reports suggests possible alcohol involvement in 60 percent of boating fatalities (including persons who fell overboard) (4). Finally, in postaccident testing of railroad employees in 1990, 3.2 percent tested positive for alcohol or other prohibited drugs (5). The percentage of alcohol or other drug involvement may be higher when a fatality is involved (6). Studies of Alcohol-Related Impairment The epidemiologic evidence linking alcohol and transportation accidents is supported by experimental studies of alcohol's effect on specific driving-related skills. Although the following discussion concentrates on highway traffic safety, most of the skills involved pertain to other forms of transportation as well. These skills may be divided into cognitive skills, such as information processing, and psychomotor skills (those involving eye-brain-hand coordination). Impairment is related to alcohol in terms of its concentration in the bloodstream. For reference, a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.04 percent might be achieved by a 150-pound man consuming two drinks in 1 hour (7). The brain's control of eye movements is highly vulnerable to alcohol. In driving, the eyes must focus briefly on important objects in the visual field and track them as they (and the vehicle) move. Low to moderate BAC's (0.03 to 0.05 percent) interfere with voluntary eye movements, impairing the eye's ability to rapidly track a moving target (8-10). Steering is a complex psychomotor task in which alcohol effects on eye-to-hand reaction time are superimposed upon the visual effects described above. Significant impairment in steering ability may begin as low as approximately 0.035 percent BAC and rises as BAC increases (11). Alcohol impairs nearly every aspect of information processing by the brain (3). Alcohol-impaired drivers require more time to read a street sign or to respond to a traffic signal than unimpaired drivers; consequently, they tend to look at fewer sources of information (12). Research on the effects of alcohol on performance by both auto-mobile and aircraft operators shows a narrowing of the attentional field beginning at approximately 0.04 percent BAC (13). The most sensitive aspect of driving performance is the division of attention among component skills. Drivers must m aintain their vehicles in the proper lane and direction (a tracking task) while monitoring the environment for vital safety information, such as other vehicles, traffic signals, and pedestrians. Alcohol-impaired subjects who are required to divide their attention between two tasks tend to favor one of them. Therefore, alcohol-impaired drivers tend to concentrate on steering, becoming less vigilant with respect to safety information. Results of numerous studies indicate that divided attention deficits occur as low as 0.02 percent BAC (12). The ability to divide attention is especially critical in aviation. Morrow and colleagues (14) noted that radio communication during simulated flight was impaired significantly by divided attention deficit at BAC's as low as 0.04 percent. The combined effects of these individual deficits on overall performance have been studied under simulated vehicle-operating conditions. A review of six ground-traffic simulator studies demonstrated consistently poorer performance at BAC's of 0.048 percent and above (15). In a typical study of the effects of pilot impairment, aircraft pilots completed eight sessions of simulated flight between San Francisco and Los Angeles in a Boeing 727-232 simulator (16). Planning and performance errors, procedural errors, and failures of vigilance each increased significantly with increasing BAC. Serious errors increased significantly at the lowest BAC, 0.025 percent, compared with performance at 0 percent BAC. Results of epidemiologic and experimental studies permit certain conclusions to be drawn. First, the degree of impairment depends on the complexity of the task involved as well as the BAC (1). Second, the magnitude of alcohol-induced impairment rises as BAC increases and dissipates as alcohol is eliminated from the body. Third, at a given BAC, some skills are more impaired than others (12). Finally, investigators have not found an absolute BAC threshold below which there is no impairment of any kind. Certain skills important for driving are impaired at 0.01 to 0.02 percent BAC, the lowest levels that can be measured reliably by commonly used devices (17). Impairment Testing Accurate measurement of impairment is essential for traffic safety and law enforcement. Unfortunately, the devices used in the laboratory to measure impairment are not practical for roadside use. Therefore, all States have enacted per se laws by which a BAC above a specified limit is sufficient evidence of impairment for legal purposes. These laws are based on the assumption that BAC alone is an accurate indicator of impairment (1). For traffic enforcement, the alcohol concentration in the subject's breath is determined by a hand-held device. When the procedure is performed correctly, the meas-ured breath-alcohol concentration accurately reflects the BAC and can be correlated with alcohol-induced impairment without interference from alcohol vapors contaminating the mouth (18). Objections have been raised to the validity of BAC or breath alcohol as an indicator of impairment. The degree of impairment associated with a given BAC is not constant and may vary among individuals. This may be explained in part by the phenomenon of tolerance. Tolerance is a decrease in the magnitude of an effect of a given dose of a drug after repeated exposure to the drug. Thus, more experienced drinkers show less impairment than less experienced drinkers across a range of BAC's in tests of motor coordination, sensory perception, and intellectual function (19,20). The relationship between BAC and impairment also may vary according to the subject's age. According to Moskowitz and colleagues (17), drivers below the age of 25 and above the age of 69 would be expected to have higher crash rates at a given BAC than the remainder of the population. Laboratory data show that increasing age magnifies the adverse effect of low doses of alcohol on tracking (11); simulated flight experiments show that older pilots are more impaired than younger pilots at equal BAC's (14,20). Alcohol poses a more serious risk for younger drivers because they have comparatively little experience with alcohol (tolerance) or with driving (2,21). Therefore, many States have established lower per se limits for minors (as low as 0.02 or 0.0 percent BAC versus 0.1 or 0.08 percent BAC for adults (22)).
What is hepatic impairment?
Impairment of the liver
If police don't cite BAC level is there no proof of intoxication?
In most states a BAC level is not proof of intoxication in any case. It normally creates a 'rebuttable presumption' of impairment. Essentially that means that the court has decided that MOST people are impaired at .xx bac, but you have the opportunity to prove (somehow) that you were not impaired. A BAC may also not be available for many reasons, ranging from the defendant refusing to take a breath test to a breath analyzer that fails to work or is improperly certified. The arrest would not have been (or should not have been made) unless the officer had enough evidence before he made the arrest to prove his case, because people often refuse a BAC test after calling their attorney from the jail. What this means is that a BAC/Intoxilyzer test is only one piece or evidence for the trial, and a cop who looses a DUI case because he doesn't have a BAC reading did an awful lot of things wrong.
How is BAC measured?
its measured by BAC level of 0.8
