The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
Core, Distribution, and Access.
that layer
Network Layer
The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy. The protocols in this layer provide the means for the system to deliver data to the other devices on a directly attached network. It defines how to use the network to transmit an IP datagram. Unlike higher-level protocols, Network Access Layer protocols must know the details of the underlying network (its packet structure, addressing, etc.) to correctly format the data being transmitted to comply with the network constraints. The TCP/IP Network Access Layer can encompass the functions of all three lower layers of the OSI reference Model (Network, Data Link, and Physical).
HTTP transfers data from a web server to a client Telnet provides a virtual connection for remote access
Access layer
Heat regulation
Data Link Layer
Network Interface Layer
Networking layer of the OSI model
Application layer is the topmost layer. Application layer is used to access the underling network services using defined procedures. Application layer interacts with software applications that implements a communicating component. Functions:- Identifying communication partners. . Determining resource availability. Synchronizing communication
Layer 2.