It is lunisolar. It is based on the solar year, with adjustments to keep the months in line with the lunar cycle.
The Gregorian Calendar is solar and the Hebrew Calendar is lunisolar.
The Hebrew calendar is a lunisolar calendar; it follows both the moon and the sun. Each month begins at the time of the new moon like a lunar calendar, but seven out of every nineteen years have thirteen months each instead of twelve to keep the calendar in sync with the seasons.
The Chinese developed the Chinese calendar and the Egyptian calendar, while the Hebrews developed the Hebrew calendar. These calendars were developed based on the cycles of the moon and the sun and were used for tracking time, religious observances, and agricultural purposes.
Yes, the early Hebrew based their calendar on a mixture of the solar and lunar calendar; the moon was used to define months, the sun was used to track years.
The calendar we use today was codified in 360 CE by Rabbi Hillel, but is based on tradition that is at least 2,000 years older than that.
In the Hebrew calendar, the month of Av is followed by the month of Elul.
1 week = 1 week on the Hebrew calendar. (The Hebrew week is the same length as the week on the Western calendar)
There isn't any festival celebrated along with Christmas as per the Hebrew calendar, since Christmas is not tied to the Hebrew calendar. (So every year, Christmas falls on a different date on the Hebrew calendar).
It is decided based on the time of year the Bar or Bat Mitzvah occurs, based on the Hebrew calendar.
The Hebrew calendar is used in Israel, and by Jews all over the world.
A Hebrew calendar website can help you with that.
In the Hebrew calendar, the month of Nissan immediately precedes Iyar.