If the Standard Model is correct -- and the search for the Higgs was (basically) a test of the correctness of the Standard Model -- then a Higgs Boson of mass 126 GeV would decay into a bottom-antibottom quark pair about 56% of the time.
The Higgs boson first arose after a process called electroweak-symmetry breaking, which is a bit technical to explain in detail. Basically, the current theories for particle physics state that at a certain energy level (higher than we can reach at the moment) the electromagnetic force merges with the weak nuclear force. Below this energy level (or temperature) the two forces are distinct. You can view this as a phase transition, and the Higgs boson is a by product of it. This phase transition should have taken place mere seconds after the big bang, so if they exist (they haven't been experimentally verified), they have been present since almost the very start of the Universe.
Beta- decay involves changing a neutron into a proton, with the emission of a W- boson, said boson then decaying into a electron and an electron antineutrino. Beta+ decay involves changing a proton into a neutron, with the contribution of energy, and then the emission of a positron and an electron neutrino.
Three reasons: 1) Its large mass requires a LOT of kinetic energy in any collision to end up with enough energy to even possibly result in a Higgs Boson being created. That's why no particle accelerator prior to FermiLab or CERN had anywhere near enough energy to even hope to make a Higgs. 2) The Higgs is a VERY unstable particle -- once created, it breaks down into other particles in a time on the order of 10^-22 seconds. No device can possibly detect a particle in existence for that length of time, so we are left with looking for the decay products of a Higgs. 3) A LOT of other particles have decay products that very closely resemble that of the Higgs, so we can never be 100% certain that "these decay products are from Higgs Bosons, while these are not." All we can do is make a LOT of collisions, record the decay products of all of them, and then ask the question, "What is the probability that NONE of these decay products are a Higgs?" The most recent data from CERN have led scientists to state that the odds that zero Higgs were created is 1000 to 1 -- pretty good odds. However, particle science protocol requires that this probability must be reduced to a million to one before stating, "The particle that we were looking for was definitely created during these experiments." That announcement will probably occur in the next year or so.
226 Ra 88 ---> 225 Ac 89 +W boson W boson ---> e- + neutron
A boson responsible for carrying the weak nuclear force (responsible for beta decay). There are three different kinds W-, Z0, and W+ all rather heavy and acting only over short ranges.
Beta decays does. But alpha decay lowers it by 2.
The God Particle, referred to by scientists as the Higgs Boson, is responsible for a particle having mass. Most particles in the universe have mass. However, if symmetry is to be preserved, all particles must be massless. This is a problematic result of the universe simply existing. In order to have symmetry preserved, there must be some field that is being interacted with. Higgs Particles (in order for the Higgs Mechanism to work there must be more than one) essentially generate a field. Heavier particles interact more with the field and lighter particles interact less. It can be thought of as wading through a pool: you have a harder time moving if you apply more force with your legs but it is easier to move if you use less force. The Higgs Particles are expected to have a spin of 2 and to be electrically neutral. They are not expected to interact with any forces except for gravity and the Weak Force (responsible for particle decay).
A neutron consists of three quarks, a up quark and two down quarks. One of these down quarks can decay into an up quark (which is lighter) and a W- boson. You now have two up quarks and one down quark which makes up a proton! Your neutron has changed into a proton! The W- boson goes on to decay into (probably) an electron and anti-electron neutrino.
No. Proton decay, though theorized in some symmetry breaking arguments posited by newer, non standard model grand unifying theories, some involving the Higgs particle, has not been confirmed to date.
The B meson has a number of decay modes, called channels. The term "golden channel" is applied to the first one, and in that channel (decay chain or decay event), the B meson transforms into two other mesons, a J/psi meson and a K short, or KS meson, a kaon.
The most common is alpha decay.
Carbon-14 does not decay by alpha decay, it decays by beta- decay to nitrogen-14, emitting a W- boson that subsequently decays into an electron and an electron antineutrino... 614C -> 714N + (W- -> e- + v-e)