Municipal Court
a trial court of limited jurisdiction
small claims court
true
Municipal Courts and Justices of the Peace have the lowest levels of jurisdiction in the Texas state court system. If you had to pick one, probably Municipal Courts are the "lowest." Municipal Courts in Texas are courts that have limited jurisdiction over certain civil and criminal matters that occur within a municipal area (ie, a city or town). Municipal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over most violations of municipal ordinances. They may also hear preliminary felony hearings, and share jurisdiction over misdemeanors with Justices of the Peace. In civil matters, the jurisdiction of Municipal Courts is generally limited to cases involving dangerous dogs. For a directory of Municipal Courts, Justices of the Peace, and other state trial courts, visit the Texas Courts Guide related link.
A trial court is the court of original jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court of the United States of America has original jurisdiction in very few limited circumstances. Original Jurisdiction is the authority to hear a case first. Orange County had original jurisdiction but he was transferred to Miami/Dade to stand trial for murder.
Trial level, Appellate level, Supreme Court.
Moving a trial to another jurisdiction is called a "change of venue."
Original jurisdiction
The difference has to do with subject matter jurisdiction. A court with general jurisdiction can try cases of any sort, whereas one with limited jurisdiction can only try cases pertaining to particular subject matters.
Municipal Courts and Justices of the Peace have the lowest levels of jurisdiction in the Texas state court system. If you had to pick one, probably Municipal Courts are the "lowest." Municipal Courts in Texas are courts that have limited jurisdiction over certain civil and criminal matters that occur within a municipal area (ie, a city or town). Municipal courts have exclusive jurisdiction over most violations of municipal ordinances. They may also hear preliminary felony hearings, and share jurisdiction over misdemeanors with Justices of the Peace. In civil matters, the jurisdiction of Municipal Courts is generally limited to cases involving dangerous dogs. For a directory of Municipal Courts, Justices of the Peace, and other state trial courts, visit the Texas Courts Guide related link.
Appellate jurisdiction means a court has jurisdiction to hear an appeal from the trial court.