Hard drive
SATA- serial ATA cable, these standards use a serial data path rather tha traditional data path. ( A+ Guide to managing and maintaining your pc, sixth edition, Jean Andrew.)
The ATA standard that uses a serial cable is SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment). SATA is used for hard drives, optical drives and other such storage devices.
Its called Data cable. and another cable is called Power cable.
Whether your printer uses a serial port, or parallel port, or USB port, or wifi, decides what type of cable you need. Name and model of printer? Have you looked on the maker's website or user guide for instructions?
The generic name of such a standard is a "protocol".
MPC2
Depending on where you purchase it and the brand name, a standard A to B cable can cost anywhere from $1 to $20.
USB and Serial Cable
Without the name of the maker, impossible to answer. Even with the name, if no sn data has been published....
S.P.I (Serial Peripheral Interace Bus) is an 8-bit data link bus. the name was first coined by motorola - true story!
USB (Universal Serial Bus) is actually the name given to the hardware standard that allows for multipurpose input/output with corresponding devices. A USB drive, or USB Mass Storage Device, is one such device that uses USB to allow itself to store certain amounts of data (ex. 4GB of data).
Vince Cable's birth name is John Vincent Cable.