The solar system we are in is simply called the solar system. The next furthest one may be the Proxima Centauri system some 4.2 light years away. The star is a red dwarf star called Proxima Centauri, though attempts to find any planets in orbit around this star have so far been unsuccessful. It's likely that some smaller bodies will be there though.
There are eight planets in the solar system, but the planet closest to the sun is Mercury.
Proxima Centuri
Our closest Solar System is Alpha Centauri System.
MercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptune
After our own Sun, the closest star is called Proxima Centauri.
Proxima Centauri
Mercury is the planet in our solar system that is closest to the sun.
My solar system contains only one star. We call it "the sun".
The closest star (aside from the Sun) to Earth is Alpha Centauri. It is about 4.22 light years away from earth. Though we call our star "the sun" its actual name is Sol which is used for the phrase "Solar System". All others are just systems and aren't in any way "solar".
The closest one is the sun ... it's right in the center of the solar system.The next nearest is one of the components of the multiple system called Alpha Centauri,at the minuscule distance of only 4.2 light years from the solar system.
The sun in our solar system.
mercury is the closest planet to the sun