If you were asking for main reason for mass extinctions in general, I would say that it is abrupt climate changes.
However the K-T mass extinction was a consequence of a major comet/asteroid impact, and perhaps the Ordovician-Silurian mass extinction (the second largest mass extinction after the Permian extinction, the «Great Dying») could have been caused by a Gamma-ray burst from a supernova (or hypernova) explosion thousands of light-years distant, or could have been the outcome of the most severe glaciation of the Phanerozoic eon.
The most severe of all mass extinctions was the above mentioned Permian mass extinction, and the reasons for such a catastrophic event are not yet fully understood.
But you asked which is the main reason for the CURRENT extinctions. Indeed the scientific community believe that we are now watching a new MASS EXTINCTION, not just the extinction of a limited number of species.
I am sorry to say that I, personally, believe the reason is human beings.
And I know well this is currently a matter of debate and vigorous scientific and political dispute, due to the monstrous profits of polluter industry, along with the big bank's investments and the high finance lobbies supporting these industries.
The number one cause of extinction is human activity. Human destruction of habitat accounts for many losses in the animal kingdom. Pollution also threatens many species.
Carelessness, and disregard for animal life.
False A+
Us.
Extinctions!
An asteroid from space, and Gradualevents
Climate change has caused mass extinctions of species throughout geologic time, dating back millions of years. The earth goes through cyclic temp changes constantly, and species adapt, evolve, or simply die out. The current period of "climate change" has not been severe enough yet to cause any major fauna extinctions as of this time, and chances are good that it may not, as the warming claims may have been exaggerated.
The investigations of these Primarily tend to Determine their Cause [when physically possible].
ice age,Noahs flood in bible
climate change and asteroid impact
Deforestation, Increased Human Population, Pollution, and Global Warming.
A number of things can cause animal poisoning. Things like lead paint, insecticides, chocolate, rat and mouse poisons, gasoline, and much more can cause posioning.
Malaria is caused by plasmodium, which is a genus of Apicomplexan parasites. It is the number one cause of death in the world by an animal, or animal transmission, in this case the mosquito.
The species could not adapt quickly enough to their changing environment to survive.